A vaccine strategy directed to increase Th1 cellular immune responses, particularly to hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 3 (NS3), has considerable potential to overcome the infection with HCV. DNA vaccination can induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, but it became apparent that the cellular uptake of naked DNA injected into muscle was not very efficient, as much of the ...

the pollution of water environments is a challenging issue especially in developing countries. contamination of drinking water with heavy metals has been reported in many parts of the world. arsenic, chromium and lead are dangerous heavy metals and also common contaminants of drinking water. in this study, the capacity and performance of the surfactant-modified sabzevar natural nanozeolite (sms...

a novel quaternary ammonium-based cationic gemini surfactant (s6) having 1,6 di-bromo hexane as a spacer, have been used and its interaction with insulin in aqueous solution (ph, 7.40) was investigated by several methods including fluorescence spectroscopy, uv-vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, ζ-potential measurements, conductivity and transmission electron microsc...

In this review, we report some recent advances and new horizons in UV-induced cationic photopolymerization. In particular, after a brief introduction on the discovery and affirmation of the cationic photopolymerization process, new efforts in the synthesis of cationic photoinitiators are reported. Subsequently, an interesting and absolutely new application is reported, related to the combinatio...

Different viral and non-viral vectors have been designed to allow the delivery of nucleic acids in gene therapy. In general, non-viral vectors have been associated with increased safety for in vivo use; however, issues regarding their efficacy, toxicity and stability continue to drive further research. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of the polymerizable diacetylen...

Interaction studies between a set of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) based cationic bottle-brush block copolymers (BBCPs) and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were carried out using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, UV melting experiments and dynamic light scattering measurements. Results suggested that these cationic block copolymers could effectively bind with negatively charged DNA. Although electr...

Human cationic trypsinogen is activated by human enteropeptidase much more readily than bovine trypsinogen, the ratios k,,,/K,,, being 330 and 11 mr+-’ s’, respectively. Conversely, porcine enteropeptidase activates bovine trypsinoyen much more rapidly (k&K,,, = 630 rnM-‘s-‘) than human cationic trypsinogen (k,,,/K,,, = 2.4 mM-‘s--‘). The primary structure of the activation region of human cati...

Shiga toxin (Stx) is the principal virulence factor during Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections. We have previously reported the inactivation of bacteriophage encoding Stx after treatment with chitosan, a linear polysaccharide polymer with cationic properties. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (cAMPs) are short linear aminoacidic sequences, with a positive net charge, which di...

in this research, effect of bicomponent mixed surfactant was studied on drop interface coalescence phenomenon in ambient temperature. first basic chemical system was water and toluene and 0.01 gr of sodium dodecyle sulfate (sds) and the second basic system was water and toluene and 0.01 gr of cethyl trimethy amonium bromide (ctab). various weight fractions of second surfactant including 2-hepta...

The specific binding of the NMDA receptor (NR) channel ligand [(3)H]MK-801 to rat brain membranes is sensitive to positively charged buffer ingredients as to tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris), to Na(+), or to protons. Here we demonstrate that 16 non-competitive NR antagonists, including 5 long-chain diamines, classical NR channel blockers and several less known compounds, differ widely in ...