A phenomenon that is present in almost every shot highlighted. It manifests itself the muzzle discharge as a certain amount of free carbon. The thermochemical reaction Boudouard-Bell (disproportionation carbon monoxide) was determined, which explains formation gunpowder gases during firing process. feature this condensed phase process after gasification charge. reason revealed does not allow de...

Electronic and geometrical structures of Fe4Cn(CO)m (n+m≤6) and Fe4Cn (n=7—16) clusters along with their singly negatively and positively charged ions are computed using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation (DFT-GGA). Isomers with CO bonded directly to the iron atoms and bonded to a carbon atom chemisorbed on the cluster surface are optimized for the Fe4C2CO, Fe4C2(...

Optical infrared-visible sum-frequency generation (IR-VIS SFG) surface vibrational spectros-copy was employed for in situ detection of chemisorbed CO during CO adsorption and catalytic CO oxidation on a rhodium (111) catalyst in the substrate temperature range T s = 300– 800 K. CO adsorption studies performed over 12 orders of magnitude in CO pressure (p CO = 10-8 –1000 mbar) demonstrated the r...

A series of ultra-clean, unsupported Cu-doped and Pd-doped Ni model catalysts was investigated to develop the fundamental concept metal doping impact on carbon tolerance catalytic activity in dry reforming methane (DRM). Wet etching with concentrated HNO3 a subsequent single sputter–anneal cycle resulted full removal an already existing oxidic passivation layer segregated and/or ambient-deposit...

Biomass is recognized to be the major potential source for energy production. Gasification enables conversion of these materials into combustible gas, mechanical and electrical power, synthetic fuels, and chemicals. In the present study, a model developed by us in our earlier study is used for predicting the steady-state composition and rate of reaction profiles for the reduction zone of the do...

Gasification of biomass as a technological option for energy conversion is a concept that is widely discussed and taken into consideration. Due to financial incentives, i.e. increased feed – in tariffs, several small scale gasification units have been developed in Europe. In principle, the two main products of gasification are syngas, which is a gaseous fuel and char, which is a solid fraction ...