Half-way through Alexandre Kojève’s six-year lectures on Hegel (1933–1939), the dialectic of struggle and work reaches its culmination in conceptual dyad Napoleon-Hegel as a necessary vehicle for universal emancipation absolute science. Anticipating ‘leap’ into post-historical existence, figure tyranny wisdom marks exception which dialectical process is suspended favour dualism. This article de...

We investigated the relationship between self-regulation and two types of boredom proneness (perceived lack of internal stimulation, perceived lack of external stimulation) using a variety of measures of self-regulation. These included a general measure of self-control, measures of both regulatory focus (i.e., promotion or a sensitivity to gains/non-gains vs. prevention or a sensitivity to loss...

What do people feel like doing after they have exerted cognitive effort or are bored? Here, we empirically test whether people are drawn to rewards (at the neural level) following cognitive effort and boredom. This elucidates the experiences and consequences of engaging in cognitive effort, and compares it to the consequences of experiencing boredom, an affective state with predicted similar mo...

What do people feel like doing after they have exerted cognitive effort or are bored? Here, we empirically test whether people are drawn to rewards (at the neural level) following cognitive effort and boredom. This elucidates the experiences and consequences of engaging in cognitive effort, and compares it to the consequences of experiencing boredom, an affective state with predicted similar mo...

BACKGROUND Securing appropriate challenge or preventing boredom is one of the reasons frequently used to justify ability grouping of gifted students, which has been shown to have beneficial effects for achievement. On the other hand, critics stress psychosocial costs, such as detrimental effects on academic self-concept (contrast or big-fish-little-pond effect). AIM The effects of full-time a...

Since the beginning of educational assessment, there has been interest in modeling more than just what a student knows. However, the ease of measuring relatively simple knowledge and skills through multiple-choice tests has led to a field that has largely focused on what is easy to measure. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in automated assessment of students in a broader rang...