Nonribosomal peptides are processed on multifunctional enzymes called nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs), whose modular multidomain arrangement allowed the rational design of new peptide products. However, the lack of natural competence and efficient transformation methods for most of nonribosomal peptide producer strains prevented the in vivo manipulation of these biosynthetic gene clust...

451 Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of an organic acid combination (Acid Lac Dry: lactic, fumaric, propionic, citric and formic acid) and/or zinc bacitracin on the body weight gain, feed efficiency, microflora and pH in the ileum content of broiler-type chicks. Ross PM3 broiler chicks were placed in an experimental design that consisted of four dietary treatments ...

We tested 259 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 2 USA300 ATCC type strains for susceptibility to bacitracin and neomycin contained in over-the-counter antibacterial ointments. Resistance to both bacitracin and neomycin was found only in USA300. The use of over-the counter antimicrobial drugs may select for the USA300 clone.

Four representative species from three genera of gram-negative bacteria that secrete exopolysaccharides acquired resistance to the antibiotic bacitracin by stopping synthesis of the exopolysaccharide. Xanthomonas campestris, Sphingomonas strains S-88 and NW11, and Escherichia coli K-12 secrete xanthan gum, sphingans S-88 and NW11, and colanic acid, respectively. The gumD gene in X. campestris i...

Rotta, Jiri (Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo.), Walter W. Karakawa, and Richard M. Krause. Isolation of L forms from group A streptococci exposed to bacitracin. J. Bacteriol. 89:1581-1585. 1965.-L forms were obtained from group A streptococci by exposure to bacitracin on gradient plates, although novobiocin was ineffective in this respect. Subcultures of these L forms ha...

The aim of this study was to compare a recently developed monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based salivary Streptococcus mutans detection method with various selective media using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the gold standard. Salivary S. mutans cells were enumerated with a MAb-based method, along with three commonly used selective media, mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar (MSB), trypticase yeast-...

Gale and his group have shown that (1) staphylococci grown "deficient" in glutamic acid can concentrate the free amino acid inside the cells, provided a source of eneigy is present (Gale, 1947; Taylor, 1947); (2) penicillin, in growthinhibitory amounts, prevents the uptake of glutamic acid by staphylococci if the organisms are first grown for a short period in the presence of the antibiotic (Ga...

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction that presents as pruritic eczematous rash occurring 24 to 48 h after allergen exposure. It surgical complication can impact people's quality of life plastic surgeries. A 44-year-old female with right breast cancer presented three recurrent episodes severe cutaneous eruption over her extending down trunk and vulva each...