in a clinical trial a new pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (pyr) hydrolysis test was compared with the bacitracin disk susceptibility test for accuracy in the presumptive identification of group a streptococci (gas). among 128 isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci 93 group a isolates were found. the sensitivity of the pyr and bacitracin tests were similar (98.9%), but the bacitracin test had a lo...

Bacitracin is a peptide antibiotic nonribosomally produced by Bacillus licheniformis. The bcrABC genes which confer bacitracin resistance to the bacitracin producer encode ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins, which are hypothesized to pump out bacitracin from the cells. Bacillus subtilis 168, which has no bacitracin synthesizing operon, has several genes homologous to bcrABC. It was...

The purpose of the current study was intended to obtain the enhanced production of bacitracin by Bacillus licheniformis through random mutagenesis and optimization of various parameters. Several isolates of Bacillus licheniformis were isolated from local habitat and isolate designated as GP-35 produced maximum bacitracin production (14±0.72 IU ml(-1)). Bacitracin production of Bacillus lichenif...

In a clinical trial a new pyrrolidonyl-β-naphthylamide (PYR) hydrolysis test was compared with the bacitracin disk susceptibility test for accuracy in the presumptive identification of group A streptococci (GAS). Among 128 isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci 93 group A isolates were found. The sensitivity of the PYR and bacitracin tests were similar (98.9%), but the bacitracin test had ...

Streptococcus mutans is a bacterial cause of dental caries that is resistant to bacitracin. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mbrABCD-related bacitracin resistance mechanism of S. mutans. Transcriptome data demonstrated that the expression levels of 33 genes were induced more than twofold by bacitracin. Fourteen genes were selected from the upregulated genes, and defective mutants of t...

Streptococcus mutans is resistant to bacitracin, which is a peptide antibiotic produced by certain species of Bacillus. The purpose of this study was to clarify the bacitracin resistance mechanism of S. mutans. We cloned and sequenced two S. mutans loci that are involved in bacitracin resistance. The rgp locus, which is located downstream from rmlD, contains six rgp genes (rgpA to rgpF) that ar...

Bacitracin is a nephrotoxic antibiotic that has recently been shown to induce contractile effects in aortas isolated from rabbits by stimulating receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The possible renovascular actions of this antibiotic were investigated. Bacitracin USP increased the vascular resistance in a concentration-dependent manner (9 to 175 micrograms/ml) in rat kidneys perfused with...

a total of 711 beta-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from throat cultures of patients during 1970-73. these strains were grouped in parallel by the precipitin and bacitracin paper disk method. the former method was estab­lished as the standard by which the bacitracin technique was compared. the difference in results was about 5.67%. the greatest error (5.4%) was seen with non-group a strain...

The present study is focused on the improvement of Bacillus licheniformis through random mutagenesis to obtain mutant having enhanced production of bacitracin. Many isolates of Bacillus licheniformis were isolated and the isolate GP-40 produced maximum bacitracin production (16±0.72 IU/mL). Treatment of Bacillus licheniformis GP-40 with ultraviolet (UV) radiations increased bacitracin productio...

11 Anaphylaxis after Topical Application of Bacitracin: A Case Report Mona Al-Ahmad, Sean Mace, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Introduction: We present a case of anaphylaxis following repeated application of bacitracin. Method: A case report of a twenty-three year old woman with no prior allergic history who underwent body piercing of the navel. A low grade local infection developed at the ...