background: probiotics are “live”, beneficial microbes that provide important health benefits in their hosts. there is significant interest in the modulation and regulation of the immune function by probiotics. objective: to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of a probiotic mixture, including lactobacillus and bifidobacterium species, by detecting serum cytokine and immunoglobulin levels....

Clinical responses to oncogene inhibitors result from direct effects on cell-intrinsic growth signals and disruption of downstream messages that produce a protumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Combining oncogene-targeted and immunomodulatory therapies may result in synergistic effects, producing increased response rates and longer periods of tumor control than can be achieved with either...

s not provided. [14.30–14.50] Tolerogenic properties of anti-alpha/beta T Cell receptor monoclonal antibody in face transplant model Aleksandra Klimczak, Mehmet Unal, Yavuz Demir

Immunomodulating drugs are important tools in the treatment of infectious diseases, especially hepatitis. The authors present different classes of immunomodulators that are currently in use. After the era of antibiotherapy and of augmentation of host defense through immunizations, the time has come for immunomodulation substances to be reevaluated. Becausemultidrug antibiotic resistance has tur...