The resin of Ferula gumosa (galbanum) has been used in Persia for thousands of years. The habitats of this exceptional and endemic Iranian species is closely correlated to the parameters of rainfall and, mostly, to the usual winter fog. Within the last decades, the scarcity of the raw material was the reason for a dramatic increase in adulterations. Currently, more than five times the amount ac...

The chemical polemics in the reported literature on shilajit are resolved. This study shows that humification of latex and resin-bearing plants is responsible for the major organic mass (80-85%) of shilajit. The low mol. w t . chemical markers (&lo%) , viz. aucuparins, oxygenated dibenzo-K -pyrones and triterpenic acids of the tirucallane type (free and conjugated), occurring in the core struct...

There’s nothing new about the adulteration of food. The opportunity to increase profit by surreptitiously substituting inferior ingredients has tempted unscrupulous conmen and women down the centuries. Indeed, what is held to be the very first piece of public health legislation passed by theWestminster parliament was the 1757 “Act for the due making of Bread; and to regulate the Price and Assiz...

Real-world systems are often modeled by sampling sensor data taken during system operation. System states may not be all known or measurable, sensor data may be biased or noisy, and it is not often known which sensor data may be useful for predictive modeling. Neural network models generated from this data must therefore rely on how effectively the chosen sensor data represents the system. Gene...

INSTRUCTIONSTo obtain continuing education credit:1.Read the article carefully.2.Read each question and determine correct answer.3.Visit PedsCESM, ce.napnap.org , to complete online Posttest evaluation.4.You must receive 70% responses certificate.5.Tests will be accepted until August 31, 2022. OBJECTIVES1.State differences of most common urine drug screening testing modalities: immunoassay gas ...

Neural network models of real-world systems, such as industrial processes, made from sensor data must often rely on incomplete data. System states may not all be known, sensor data may be biased or noisy, and it is not often known which sensor data may be useful for predictive modelling. Genetic algorithms may be used to help to address this problem by determining the near optimal subset of sen...

The philosopher and cognitive scientist Andy Clark has argued that humans have always been ‘natural-born cyborgs,’ that is, they have always collaborated and merged with non-biological props and aids in order to find better environments for thinking. These ‘mindware’ upgrades (I borrow the term ‘mindware’ from Clark, 2001) extend beyond the fusions of the organic and technological that posthuma...