Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases. Insulin resistance is defined as a state that needs more insulin to get the biological effects achieved by a lower amount of insulin in the normal state. Several molecules which are secreted through adipocytes have been involved in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Adiponectin as a 244 amino acid protein is exclusively expressed...

Obesity-induced inflammation is crucial in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated effects Gracilaria chorda (GC) on lipid accumulation obesity-induced inflammatory changes or glucose homeostasis cell models (3T3-L1 adipocytes RAW 264.7 macrophages). Samples GC were extracted using solvents (water, methanol, ethanol) subcritical water (SW) at d...

Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is considered a valid strategy for the treatment type 2 diabetes. However, despite importance adipose tissue whole-body energy homeostasis, effect AMPK activation in adipocytes has only been studied to limited extent and mainly with AMP-mimetic 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), which specificity. The aim this study was...

Bone marrow stromal cells provide a microenvironment for hematopoiesis. Adipocytes are the major stromal cell phenotype in bone marrow, but their function in hematopoiesis is poorly understood. In this study, we compared the hematopoietic-supporting capacity of adipocytes and their progenitor, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), by culturing human cord blood (CB) CD34+CD38- hematopoietic progenitor ...

BACKGROUND Fully differentiated adipocytes are considered to be refractory to introduction of siRNA via lipid-based transfection. However, large scale siRNA-based loss-of-function screening of adipocytes using either electroporation or virally-mediated transfection approaches can be prohibitively complex and expensive. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We present a method for introducing small i...

Our laboratory has reported that adipose tissue and adipocytes are importantly involved in retinoid storage and metabolism. To gain further insight, we examined factors that may regulate CRBP mRNA levels in primary cultures of rat epididymal and murine BFC-1 beta adipocytes. Northern blot analysis revealed that retinoic acid is a potent inducer of CRBP mRNA, causing a 7.5-fold rise in mRNA leve...

OBJECTIVE To investigate how insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism differ in adipocytes between different fat depots of male and female mice and how sex steroids contribute to these differences. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Adipocytes from intra-abdominal/perigonadal (PG) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue from normal, castrated, or steroid-implanted animals were isolated and analyzed f...

RATIONALE Unraveling the developmental origin of cardiac fat could offer important implications for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The recent identification of the mesothelial source of epicardial fat tissues reveals a heterogeneous origin of adipocytes in the adult heart. However, the developmental origin of adipocytes inside the heart, namely intramyocardial adipocytes, remains larg...

There are two types of brown adipocytes: classical brown adipocytes that form the brown fat depots and beige adipocytes that emerge in the white fat depots. Beige adipocytes have a low level of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in the basal state, but Ucp1 expression is increased in response to β adrenergic receptor activation. The present study explored the factors responsible for the dif...

White adipose tissue interacts closely with breast cancers through the secretion of soluble factors such as cytokines, growth or fatty acids. However, molecular mechanisms these interactions and their roles in cancer progression remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated role acids cooperation between adipocytes cells using a co-culture model. We report that increase autophagy aci...