The goal of this paper was to assess the possibilities for one-stage reactor anaerobic digestion processing fruit and vegetable biomass within a biorefinery concept optimum products. Co-digestion simplest strategy implement increase product yield among variables tested (pH, ultrasonification, co-digestion). Methane yields from co-digestion waste (FVW) pig manure (PM) ranged 318 434 NmL /g VS, w...

A two-dimensional “mapping” procedure (1) with paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography permits the separation and identification of the mono-, di-, tri-, and tetranucleotides obtained by digestion of tobacco mosaic virus ribonucleic acid with pancreatic ribonuclease (2). This procedure has also been used for the analysis of micrococcal nuclease digests of deoxyribonucleic acid (3) by the...

The potential of using anaerobic digestion for the treatment of poultry blood has been evaluated in batch assays at the laboratory scale and in a mesophilic semi-continuous reactor. The biodegradability test performed on residual poultry blood was carried out in spite of high inhibitory levels of acid intermediaries. The use of activated carbon as a way to prevent inhibitory conditions demonstr...

Residual metal impurities in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide a means to distinguish CNT from non-CNT sources of elemental carbon in environmental samples. A practical and cost-effective analytical approach is needed to support routine surface monitoring of CNT metal tracers using wipe sampling. Wipe sampling for CNT metal tracers is considered a qualitative indicator of the presence of CNTs, no...

The increased metabolic rate during digestion is associated with changes in arterial acid-base parameters that are caused by gastric acid secretion (the 'alkaline tide'). Net transfer of HCl to the stomach lumen causes an increase in plasma HCO3- levels, but arterial pH does not change because of a ventilatory compensation that counters the metabolic alkalosis. It seems, therefore, that ventila...

The relationship between the nature of in vitro digestion products and protein quality evaluation in rats was established. Eleven protein sources of animal and vegetable origin and of various purities were digested by pepsin then by pancreatin in a dialysis bag of 1,000 molecular weight cutoff. Animal proteins were generally better digested in vitro than vegetable proteins. Amino acid release p...

Sodium and chloride are essential for numerous processes in the body including the regulation of osmotic pressure and acid-base balance. Both sodium and chloride also play important roles in the digestion and absorption of several nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. Absorption of glucose and most amino acids from the small intestine requires an adequate supply of sodium. In cattle, magne...

The utility of microwave oven for simple and rapid acid digestion of zoological and botanical materials was investigated by using a double Teflon vessel with a polypropylene jacket. The microwave-assisted digestion of samples with the HNO3-HCI-HCIO4-HF mixture in the bomb offers the advantage of taking much shorter process for sample preparation. The digestion was completed within 15 min even u...

Introduction 2 Deoxyribonucleic Acid to Ribonucleic Acid 4 Ribonucleic Acid to Protein 6 Proteome Handling in Classical and Functional Proteomics 6 Protein Purification 6 Cell Culture 8 Other Source of Samples 8 Subpopulation of Cells 10 Subcellular Components 11 Protein Separation by Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis 12 Principles of Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoretic Separation 13 Detectio...