the energy efficiency, greenhouse gas (ghg) emissions, and carbon efficiency of paddy rice production were analysed in sari in the mazandaran province of iran during 2011–2012. data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with paddy producers. the results showed that the net energy gain was 27,932 mj ha-1 and energy efficiency was 1.83 during production. the results of the cobb-doug...

the nutritive value of grass pea (lathyrus sativus l.) hay was evaluated based on its chemical composition, gas production, fractioning of protein in cncps and afrc systems, metabolizable energy (me), rumen degradability through in situ technique and in vitro digestibility through tilley and terry method. the crude protein (cp), neutral detergent fiber (ndf) and acid detergent fiber (adf) value...

The aim of this case study was to examine energy expenditure (EE) in one cyclist during an extreme endurance cycling race – the “XXAlps 2004” (2,272 km distance and 55,455 m altitude) which was completed in 5 days and 7 hours – and whether the energy deficit derives primarily from the degradation of subcutaneous adipose tissue or loss of muscle mass. Energy intake (EI) was continuously recorded...

Peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) is produced in most areas of Iran, where flowering is hindered by temperature. Using plant growth regulators to delay bloom is a suggestive measure to avoid frost damage. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) on peach bloom delay and yield.  This study evaluated the applications of MJ 0 (contro...

the aims of this study were to assess the energy and economic flows of biodiesel production from olive pomace oil using transesterification method with ultrasound waves. for this purpose biodiesel production from this feedstock were examined through a life-cycle process with considering five main stages of agricultural production, transportation, olive oil extraction, pomace oil extraction and ...

milk urea nitrogen (mun) of dairy cows was determined in relation to breed. a total of forty (40) pabna and red chittagong dairy cattle each of twenty (20) were selected to know the milk composition, nutritional status and milk urea nitrogen. live weight of pabna cattle (187±14 kg) was higher than that of red chittagong cattle (174±4 kg). in pabna cattle milk yield (4.94 kg), minerals (0.15%) a...

The effects of incremental exercise on appetite, energy intake (EI), expenditure (EE) and balance (EB) in lean men and women were examined. Six men (age 29.7 (SD 5.9) years, weight 75.2 (SD 15.3) kg, height 1.75 (SD 0.11) m) and six women (age 24.7 (SD 5.9) years, weight 66.7 (SD 9.10) kg, height 1.70 (SD 0.09) m) were each studied three times during a 16 d protocol, corresponding to no additio...