In the dialects of Japanese spoken in the city of Fukuoka, there are two ways in which the prosodic phonology of nouns differs from that of verbs and adjectives. First, verbs have an obligatory pitch accent, while nouns may be accented or unaccented. These dialects thus differ from dialects such as Tôkyô (McCawley 1968; Poser 1984), in which a word of any category may be either accented or unac...

Dialects of Swedish vary in the pronunciation of unstressed /e/ in different phonological environments. In this pilot study, Stockholm Swedish is compared with several Finland Swedish dialects. Stockholm and one Åland dialect lower and back /e/ before [n], while Helsinki and most Nyland dialects lower and back /e/ before [r]. The data provide evidence for the sociolinguistic relevance of unstre...

Programming languages are enormously diverse, both in their essential concepts and in their accidental aspects. This creates a problem when teaching programming. To let students experience the diversity of essential concepts, the students must also be exposed to an overwhelming variety of accidental and irrelevant detail: the accidental differences between the languages are likely to obscure th...

Abstract The Estonian indefinite pronouns keegi ‘someone’ and miski ‘something’ are distinguished by being able to refer animate or inanimate entities, respectively. However, in certain dialects, is used entities as well. aim of this paper describe the functions use based on data Corpus Dialects. We statistical analyses determine which dialects typically variables (polarity, function, position ...

This study investigates the characteristics of the two major dialects of Japanese: Osaka and Tokyo dialects. We recorded the utterances of the speakers of both dialects, and analysed the differences that appear in the accentuation of the words at the phonetic-acoustic level. The Japanese words that are phonologically identical in both dialects were used as the analysis target. The results showe...

Do E.A. Meyer’s tonal word accents contours from the Swedish dialects provide a reliable basis for quantitative analysis? Measurements made on acute and grave tone-peaks in a number of dialects spoken in the province of Dalarna suggested that the timing of grave tonal peaks tended to vary systematically from south-east to north-west. The former dialects had relatively late and the latter relati...

In late Medieval Greek and many modern dialects, pronominal clitics are syntactically adjoined to an IP projection. In another set of dialects they have become syntactically adjoined to a verbal head. In the most innovating dialects (which include Standard Greek) they are agreement affixes. Extending the Fontana/Halpern clitic typology, we propose a trajectory of lexicalization from X clitics v...

We present, in this paper an Arabic multi-dialect study including dialects from both the Maghreb and the Middle-east that we compare to the Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Three dialects from Maghreb are concerned by this study: two from Algeria and one from Tunisia and two dialects from Middle-east (Syria and Palestine). The resources which have been built from scratch have lead to a collection ...

In this work, automatic recognition of Arabic dialects is proposed. An acoustic survey of the proportion of vocalic intervals and the standard deviation of consonantal intervals in nine dialects (Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen, Golf’s Countries and Iraq) is performed using the platform Alize and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). The results show the complexity of the autom...

In this study we investigate utterance-final intonation in two dialects of Kammu, one tonal and one non-tonal. While the general patterns of utterance-final intonation are similar between the dialects, we do find clear evidence that the lexical tones of the tonal dialect restrict the pitch range and the realization of focus. Speaker engagement can have a strong effect on the utterance-final acc...