As computers are increasingly used to mediate social interaction, tools are needed not only to support direct communication, but also to create a richer social environment for the networked group. These include tools that provide information about the presence of others and that give the user a sense of the ongoing activities. This paper describes two ongoing research projects in this area. Col...

The effects of lateral hypothalamic lesions on salivary conditioned and unconditioned reflexes were investigated on seven dogs. Subsequent to the operation during the period of aphagia and hypophagia a total lack (6 dogs), or a decrease (1 dog) of conditioned salivary reaction was found. Strong diminution of unconditioned reactions and intertrial salivation were observed. At the end of the obse...

In an experiment performed on five cats, stable escape and avoidance reflexes in a bar-pressing situation were established using tooth pulp electric stimulation as the unconditioned stimulus. The influence of changes in parameters of the unconditioned stimulus (current intensity, single pulse and train durations, frequency of pulses and rate of train presentations) on unconditioned and instrume...

While the casual game market is expanding, there are increasingly few research projects and explorations about the definition of this game style. Existing definitions are contradictory and some areas, like casual game design practice, remain under-explored. Using game designers’ professional knowledge, this study aims to provide a new understanding and perspective towards definitions of casual ...

In two appetitive conditioning experiments with rats, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for demonstrations of the superior associability of overshadowed conditioned stimuli (CSs) relative to control CSs. In Experiment 1, we investigated whether previous demonstrations were a consequence of differences in the relationship between the CSs and the unconditioned stimulus (US) or of differe...

BACKGROUND Frequently eating fast food has been associated with consuming a diet high in calories, and there is a public perception that fast-casual restaurants (eg, Chipotle) are healthier than traditional fast food (eg, McDonald's). However, research has not examined whether fast-food entrées and fast-casual entrées differ in calorie content. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to deter...

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the surface conditioned dentin and its effect on microleakage of metal copings luted with glass-ionomer cement. Objectives: (1) To evaluate the morphology of unconditioned and conditioned dentin, (2) to evaluate the elemental composition of unconditioned and conditioned dentin, (3) to evaluate and compare the microleakage of metal copings luted with gla...