One possible origin of prebiotic organic material is that these compounds were formed via Fischer-Tropsch-type (FTT) reactions of carbon monoxide and hydrogen on silicate and oxide grains in the warm, inner-solar nebula. To investigate this possibility, an experimental system has been built in which the catalytic efficiency of different grain-analog materials can be tested. During such runs, th...

While Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) using coal and natural gas in conventional reactors is an almost well-established technology, the production of liquid hydrocarbons from syngas obtained from biomass is in its preliminary stages of commercialization in countries like Germany. With concerns about global warming and ways of disposing of CO2 being searched for, CO2 hydrogenation using FTS to l...

The aim of this work is to select the best individual or combined controlled variables (CVs) for a natural gas to hydrocarbon liquids (GTL) process based on the idea of self-optimizing control. The objective function is to maximize the variable income of the plant, and two modes of operation are studied. In mode I, where the natural gas flow rate is given, there are three unconstrained degrees ...

The control on product distributions in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis by feeding olefins in the n-paraffin solvent over a 20 wt.% Co/SiO2 catalyst under the typical reaction conditions of 503K, 2.1MPa, H2/CO = 2, and co-fed olefins 16 mol% in CO base in a trickle bed reactor has been studied. The selected co-fed olefins include 1-octene, 2-octene and 1-dodecene. Results showed that the addition of ...

The present study focuses on the catalytic conversion of syngas (CO + H 2 ) through Fischer–Tropsch (FT) route using two identically prepared 0.1 wt.% palladium promoted Mesoporous Alumina (MA) and SBA–15 supported Co (15 wt.%) catalysts. activity is performed in a fixed bed tubular reactor at temperature 220 °C pressure 30 bar with /CO ratio ~2 having Gas Hourly Space Velocity (GHSV) 500 h −1 ...

This project extends previously discovered Fe-based catalysts to hydrogen-poor synthesis gas streams derived from coal and biomass sources. These catalysts have shown unprecedented Fischer-Tropsch synthesis rates and selectivities for feedstocks consisting of synthesis gas derived from methane. During the first reporting period, we certified a microreactor, installed required analytical equipme...

Multiplicity of steady states was experimentally obser®ed, somewhat sporadically, for ( ) Fischer Tropsch FT synthesis in stirred tank slurry reactors in the reactor originally ( ) at the wax-producing normal steady state suddenly jumping to a high-temperature ( ) methane-producing steady state for some time and e®entually returning to the normal steady state. A diagnostic nonlinear analysis sh...

The determination of the catalyst’s active phase helps improve catalytic performance Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis. Different phases cobalt, including cobalt oxide, carbide, and metal, exist during reaction. content each can affect product distribution. In this study, a series carbide catalysts were synthesized by exposure Co/Al2O3 catalyst to CH4 at different temperatures from 300 °C 800 °C. ...

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a part of Gas-to Liquids (GTL), Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL) and Coal to Liquids (CTL) technologies, which produce alternatives clean fuels from natural gas, biomass and coal. The catalytic performance of cobalt catalysts in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis strongly depends on the size of cobalt particles in nanoscale range (6-30 nm). Cobalt catalysts are usually prepared via ...

the effects of confinement in carbon nanotubes on fischer-tropsch (ft) activity, selectivity and lifetime of carbon nanotubes (cnts) supported iron catalysts are reported. a method was developed to control the position of the catalytic sites on either inner or outer surface of carbon nanotubes. tem analyses revealed that more than 80% of iron oxide particles can be controlled to be positioned a...