ammonium ions wastewater pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. the treatment of ammonium ions is a special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. in recent years, various methods for ammonium ion removal from wastewater have been extensively studied. this paper reviews the current methods that have been used to treat ammonium ...

In order to simplify the experimental procedure and treatment procedure, we preserved embryonic callus (EC) of Fraxinus mandshurica more efficiently. this paper, established a method for cryopreservation EC F. by vitrification. was subcultured 7–10 days (d). Vigorous with good growth conditions were selected, performed The best pre-culture on 0.5 mol·L−1 sucrose medium 3 d, load culture in liqu...

smirnovia iranica (sabeti) synonym: smirnovia turkestana (bunge) is a deciduous perennial bushy species of the fabaceae (papilionaceae) family. the species grow on sand dunes of desert areas, having a deep vertical root and very long horizontal or lateral roots. they have an important role in natural vegetation of desert and sand dune stabilization. limited growing areas, grazing due to good pa...

Cryopreservation by droplet vitrification was applied to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). axillary buds of the Italian cultivated variety Tonda Gentile Romana, which were collected from in vitro growing shoots, immersed ice cooled PVS2 or PVS3 for 60 90 min, then transferred a solution, placed on strip aluminium foil, and plunged into liquid nitrogen (LN). Additionally, effect recovery mother pl...

Development of protocols for cryopreservation microalgae Chlorococcum dissectum Korshikov and Dunaliella salina Teodoresco requires selection effective cryoprotectants their concentrations. One the stages choosing optimal concentrations is determining degree toxicity cells at equilibration stage. Solutions dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol, ethanol, glycerol (5–30%) modified PVS1 PVS2 (50 75%...

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is the highest oil-yielding commercially grown perennial tree. germplasm conservation and in vitro clonal propagation strengthened world’s efforts to ensure future food security. Cryopreservation provides long-term storage for germplasm. The of plant material at cryogenic temperatures (−196 °C) following dehydration causes cryoinjury. cryotolerance mechanism has rar...