In order to analyze the effect of different factors on bouncing and rolling distance soybeans at time seed throwing, tests discrete element method (DEM) are employed test soil three representative soybean varieties. The parameters between particles calibrated by means a piling simulation. A throwing apparatus is improved effects height, plane inclination angle collision orientation seeds. relat...

Individual body segment actions evolve during throwing skill development. Maximal trunk involvement is typically the last feature of the movement pattern to fully develop. The current study examined developmental levels of trunk action and the associated variability in the throwing motion. The throwing motions of children and adolescents were analyzed via motion capture and trunk actions were c...

The question of whether dominant and non-dominant limbs are controlled by the same motor program in throwing tasks has not been clearly established. Prior research has been limited by a number of factors, including evaluations based on a small number of trials. The present study evaluated subjects over a course of five days of dart throwing using both their dominant and non-dominant limb. The v...

We examined whether the combination of two factors that have consistently been found to enhance motor learning - an external focus (EF) of attention and autonomy support (AS) - would produce additive benefits. Participants practiced throwing with their non-dominant arm. In a 2×2 design, they were or were not asked to focus externally (i.e., on the target), and were or were not given a choice (a...

Two factors that have been shown to facilitate motor learning are autonomy support (AS) and enhanced expectancies (EE) for performance. We examined the individual and combined influences of these factors. In a 2 × 2 design, participants learning a novel motor skill (throwing with the non-dominant arm) were or were not provided a choice (AS) about the ball color on each of 6 10-trial blocks duri...

Performance assessment has become an invaluable component of monitoring participant's development in distinct sports, yet limited and contradictory data are available in trained subjects. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between ball throwing velocity during a 3-step running throw in elite team handball players and selected measures of rate of force development like for...

The purpose of this review is to determine how throwing overweight and underweight baseballs affects baseball throwing velocity and accuracy. Two studies examined how a warm-up with overweight baseballs affected throwing velocity and accuracy of 5 oz regulation baseballs. One of these studies showed significant increases in throwing velocity and accuracy, while the other study found no signific...

The fixed duration of a team-handball game and its continuously changing situations incorporate an inherent temporal pressure. Also, the target's position is not foreknown but online determined by the player's interceptive processing of visual information. These ecological limitations do not favour throwing performance, particularly in novice players, and are not reflected in previous experimen...

PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a specific resistance training program (throwing movement with a pulley device) with the effect of regular training (throwing with regular balls) on overarm throwing velocity under various conditions. METHODS The training forms were matched for total training load, ie, impulse generated on the ball or pulley device. Both trai...