Various issues related to clinical use of medicines remain unclear, and pharmacists are expected establish evidence for appropriate medicines. The present review summarizes our findings from three areas research regarding the in operating room: 1) We evaluated extent extravasation injury due thiopental (2.5 mg/100 μL) propofol (1.0 at macroscopic histopathologic levels a rat model. Thiopental, ...

BACKGROUND Thiopental and isoflurane exhibit neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischaemia. Here, we hypothesized that oxygen-glucose deprivation decreases the ATP-dependent phosphorylation process of Focal Adhesion Kinase (pp125FAK, a functionally important non-receptor tyrosine kinase), and that this phenomenon is attenuated by thiopental and isoflurane. METHODS Rathippocampal slices w...

Rapid i.v. induction of general anaesthesia is indicated in infants at risk of vomiting or regurgitation to reduce the risk of aspiration of gastric contents. Propofol is an alternative to thiopental in infants, and we have compared cardiovascular changes when propofol or thiopental was used for induction of anaesthesia in infants. Twenty infants, ASA I or II, aged 1-11 months, undergoing elect...

We examined whether pretreatment with a small dose of thiopental was effective in reducing pain induced by the intravenous injection of rocuronium. Withdrawal movement was used to assess pain reduction. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: patients in the control group were pretreated with 2 mL saline, and those in the thiopental group were pretreated with 2 mL (50 mg) t...

As thiopental (thiopentone) suppresses cyclic GMP (cGMP) formation produced by nitric oxide donor drugs, we have tested if it suppresses cGMP formation and increases vascular tone after induction of calcium-calmodulin-independent nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Rat aortic rings were treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 microgram ml-1 for 4 h, and the effects of thiopental on t...

= Abstract = The new benzodiazepine, midazolam, that is water-soluble, shorter-acting, more potent, and less irritating to veins than diazepam, has been suggested use for induction of anesthesia. The induction tme (from the end of injection to spontaneous closing of eyes and to the disappearance of eyelash reflex), cardiovascular effects (mean arterial pressure; MAP, heart rate; HR, cardiac out...

Anesthetics depress the autonomic nervous system. The effects of thiopental and propofol on heart rate variability (HRV) during fentanyl-based induction of general anesthesia were studied in one hundred patients. We observed different effects of fentanyl, thiopental and propofol on HRV. Fentanyl decreased total power of HRV and low frequency power (LF), but not high frequency power (HF), indica...

This study investigated the cost of propofol versus thiopental anesthesia in 243 patients who underwent outpatient laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. Patients records were analyzed for medication use, duration of surgery, anesthesia, recovery room stay, and associated costs. Despite the higher drug cost for propofol, the total mean cost was $273.00 less per patient for patients receiving propofo...

Drug shortages continue to be at the forefront of health care concerns.1,2Thiopental, an agent used for anesthesia during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), became unavailable in North America in August 2010. The sole producer of this drug, Hospira (headquartered in Lake Forest, Illinois), ceased production because of liability concerns if thiopental were used via lethal injection to enforce the ...

The present study was undertaken to investigate the sedative, analgesic and clinical effects of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine with fentanyl as pre-anaesthetics in water buffaloes and to compare the dose-sparing effect of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on thiopental for induction and isoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia in water buffaloes. Six male water buffaloes r...