background: infertility affects about 10-15% of reproductive-age couples. about half the causes of infertility are female related and approximately 40% of the cases are caused by anovulation, mostly in pco women. objective: this study was conducted to determine and compare the effects of two drug treatment regimens: higher dose of clomiphene and a combination of lower dose of clomiphene and tam...

background: unovulation is the most common cause of infertility. the first line oral treatment has been clomiphene citrate. another anti-estrogen used for ovulation induction is tamoxifen. many unovulatory infertile women are resistance to anti-estrogens and need another treatment. alternative treatments are aromatas inhibitors. objective: this study was designed to compare the effectiveness of...

BackgroundFour randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) comparing aromatase inhibitors (AIs) versus the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen, each individually reported significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) but none showed a significant difference overall (OS). In these between 6.8% and 55% of tumours were hormone (H...

Objective(s) The effect of tamoxifen as a selective estrogen receptor modulator which is widely used for treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer was investigated on the folliculogenesis in rat's fetuses and neonates. Materials and Methods The pregnant rats assigned into test and control groups. Control group received olive oil and treatment groups received either 17-β-estradiol (10 µ...

Tamoxifen is a treatment for breast cancer patients which can cause side effects of endometrial because it acts as GPER1 agonist. Active compounds from Schleichera oleosa are known to have anticancer potential, such schleicheol and schleicherastatin, especially their ability prevent cell proliferation. This research conducted an in silico study determine the potential active compound S. Oleosa ...

Tamoxifen provided a successful treatment for ER-positive breast cancer for many years. However, most breast tumors develop tamoxifen resistance and are eventually refractory to tamoxifen therapy. The molecular mechanisms underlying development of tamoxifen resistance have not been well established. Recently, we reported that breast cancer cells with high levels of ER-α36, a variant of ER-α, we...

PURPOSE Cholangiocarcinoma is a fatal tumor with limited therapeutic options. We have reported that calmodulin antagonists tamoxifen and trifluoperazine induced apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Here, we determined the effects of tamoxifen on tumorigenesis and the molecular mechanisms of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Nude mice xenograft model of cholangiocarcinoma was ...

There are contradictory results in the literature relating to the effect of tamoxifen on membrane fluidity. The present work investigates the effect of tamoxifen on membrane dynamics to find out whether the concentration of tamoxifen can be one of the factors in this discrepancy. Turbidity (absorbance at 440 nm) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies reveal that tamoxifen causes o...

Tamoxifen has long been used and still is the most commonly used endocrine therapy for treatment of both early and advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in pre- and post-menopause women. Tamoxifen exerts its cytotoxic effect primarily through cytostasis which is associated with the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Apoptotic activity can also be exerted by ...