Spur dike is a common hydraulic structure, which is widely used in hydraulic engineering such as channel regulation, flood prevention and river diversion for preserving the desired water depth, deflecting the main current and protecting river banks. In actual operations, spur dikes exert influence on river system usually in the form of groups, and the flow field around spur dike group is compli...

Spur cell anemia may occur in severe liver disease including alcoholic cirrhosis. Spur cell anemia red blood cells (RBCs) have a characteristic morphology, with irregular projections, an increased ratio of membrane cholesterol (Ch) to phospholipid, evidence of oxidative damage, and shortened survival resulting in hemolytic anemia. Normal RBCs may acquire many of the features of spur cells eithe...

This study deals with the asymptotic performance of a multiple-spur cancellation scheme. Radio frequency transceivers are now multi-standard and specific impairment can occur. The clock harmonics, called spurs, can leak into the signal band of the reception stage, and thus degrade the performance. The performance of a fully digital approach is presented here. A one-spur cancellation scheme is f...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in the speed of pupil constriction and in anterior segment parameters after laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in patients with angle closure using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. METHODS In this prospective observational study, videos of pupil and anterior segment changes in response to illumination were captured with real-time video recording using...

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of information pertaining to the pathoanatomy and treatment of symptomatic olecranon traction spurs. PURPOSE To describe the pathoanatomy of olecranon traction spur formation, a technique for spur resection, and a series of patients who failed conservative care and underwent operative treatment. STUDY DESIGN Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS Eleven p...

As Technology progress deeper into submicron CMOS, traditional analog circuits face problems that are not to be solved purely by analog innovations. Instead, new architectures are being proposed which take advantages of the relatively cheaper of the digital circuits to augment or improve the diminishing performance of the analog circuitry. The conventional approach performs the design of 14 ban...

This paper analyses substrate-related spurious tones in fractional-N phaselocked loops with integrated VCOs. Spur positions are calculated and experimentally verified as a function of the divider ratios of prescaler and programmable divider. For an integrated wideband PLL in SiGe BiCMOS technology the spur power levels are measured and compared with theoretical expectations. The power in these ...

Reference spurs are one of the main problems in integer-N phaselocked loops (PLLs). A ratioed current charge pump is proposed to suppress reference spur magnitude in the PLL output. The ratioed current charge pump can be implemented by resizing the source and drain network of the charge pump. A formula to calculate the ratioed current and transistor size is presented. The reference spur magnitu...

This paper presents a methodology to determine all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) circuit variables based on required design specifications, including output phase noise, fractional spur and locking time. An analytical model is developed to characterize the effects of different noise sources on ADPLL output phase noise and fractional spur. Applying the proposed noise model, circuit variables...