The liquid-liquid phase separation curves for lysozyme in a salt solution are known to depend on salt type and salt concentration. For the case of monovalent cations, the cloud point temperature typically increases with increasing salt concentration, for fixed lysozyme concentration. For the case of divalent cations, however, a maximum in the cloud point temperature is observed that has been in...

We study aging behavior of an aqueous suspension of Laponite as a function of concentration of Laponite, concentration of salt, time elapsed since preparation of suspension (idle time), and temperature by carrying extensive rheological and conductivity experiments. We observe that temporal evolution of elastic moduli, which describes structural build-up and aging, shifts to low times for experi...

The mechanisms of immunoactivation by salt are now becoming clearer. However, those of immunosuppression remain unknown. Since clinical evidence indicates that salt protects proximal tubules from injury, we investigated mechanisms responsible for salt causing immunosuppression in proximal tubules. We focused on cytokine-related gene expression profiles in kidneys of mice fed a high salt diet us...

akin type (asymmetric) reverse osmosis membranes undergo an irreversible osmotic dehydration upon coming into contact (skin side) with salt solutions. the extent of consequent changes (in appearance; decrease in linear dimension, water flux and salt rejection) are dependent on the salt concentration. these observations are correlated with the expected morphological changes taking place during d...

Neutron reflectometry was used to determine the distribution of salt ions and water in thin poly(acrylic acid) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) polyelectrolyte multilayers assembled with and without salt. Increasing salt concentration reverses the exclusion of water from the substrate region, eventually leading to an asymmetric segregation of water near the substrate at high salt concentratio...

Akin type (asymmetric) reverse osmosis membranes undergo an irreversible osmotic dehydration upon coming into contact (skin side) with salt solutions. The extent of consequent changes (in appearance; decrease in linear dimension, water flux and salt rejection) are dependent on the salt concentration. These observations are correlated with the expected morphological changes taking place duri...

Although polyethylene glycol (PEG) is the most widely used precipitant in protein crystallization, the concentration of co-existing salt in the solution has not been well discussed. To determine the optimum salt concentration range, several kinds of protein were crystallized in a 30% PEG 4000 solution at various NaCl concentrations with various pH levels. It was found that, if crystallization o...

The plasma sodium concentration has a direct effect on blood pressure in addition to its effects on extracellular volume regulated through changes in the endothelium. The mechanism for elevated blood pressure seen with habitually increased salt intake is unclear, especially the effect of salt in a single meal on plasma sodium concentration and blood pressure. To resolve this we compared the eff...