KA-prep, a culture filtrate of Bacillus circulans KA-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation of Schizophyllum commune, has an activity to form protoplasts from S. commune mycelia. alpha-1,3-Glucanase, which was isolated from an ammonium sulfate fraction of 0-30% saturation of KA-prep, gave the protoplast-forming activity to an ammonium sulfate fraction of 30-50% saturation of KA-prep, which contai...

Protoplasts were isolated from five species of Gossypium. · Protoplast yield and viability were affected by incubation conditions, osmolarity, purification procedures, and cell source. Using an optimized procedure, highly viable protoplasts were isolated from cell suspensions, callus cultures, and leaf tissue of G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, G. k/otzschianum, G. harlmessii, and G. herbaceum. Protop...

To regenerate auxotrophic mutants of Physcomitrella patens, two media of increasing complexity were developed. The survival rate of protoplasts was around 30% higher on full medium when compared to standard minimal medium. Protoplast survival was higher in a medium containing 2.5 mmol/L ammonium tartrate compared to a medium with 5 mmol/L of this compound. Solid medium had a positive effect on ...

After 1 hour, exogenous deoxyribonucleic acid was degraded within a culture medium at 25 C (pH 6) containing protoplasts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa. Low temperature incubation (1 C) or the addition of 45 millimolar sodium citrate to the medium eliminated DNase activity for at least 4.5 hours. This DNase activity was not reduced at pH 7 or 9, nor by addition of 200 millimolar adenosine 5'-t...

Previous reports from this laboratory demonstrated the synthesis of hyaluronic acid by a cell-free preparation obtained from a strain of Group A streptococcus. The enzymic activity which sedimented at 105,000 x g, but not at 10,000 x g, required the addition of uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine, uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid, and Mg++ for the formation of hyaluronic acid (l-3). Since hya...

The breeding of triploid banana cultivars with improved traits, such as yield and disease resistance, remains a major challenge for breeders. One reason is that the molecular study functional gene analysis in bananas fall behind due to difficulties its genetic manipulation. plant protoplast-based transient transformation has been documented widely used versatile convenient system many species. ...

The terrestrial Ludisia discolor, also referred to as the jewel orchid is prized for the quality of its leaves. L. discolor is known as a medicinal herb and is touted for its heat- and pathogen-resisting qualities. L. discolor is valuable in the production of both flavonoids and anthocyanins, antioxidants that are exalted in the health industry. Plant cell cultures have emerged as alternative s...

Mesophyll cell protoplasts were isolated from potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Russet Burbank) leaves and induced to proliferate in culture. Protoplast division was observed only among preparations isolated from plants previously conditioned under short periods of low intensity illumination. Sustained growth and development of protoplast-derived calli (p-calli) occurred when they were maintaine...

The rice pattern recognition receptor (PRR) XA21 confers race-specific resistance in leaf infection by bacterial blight Xathomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), and was shown to be primarily localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when expressed with its native promoter or overexpressed in the protoplast. However, whether the protein is still ER-localization in the intact cell when overexpressed...