Malignant cells build up a protective shield in form of fibrin meshwork surrounding the tumor which helps it to escape body’s immune system. In addition, and stromal provide with an abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) consisting proteoglycans, collagens, glycoproteins glucosaminoglycans additional scaffold capacity bind large quantities immunsuppressive substances. Many investigations found tha...

Proteoglycans are a heterogeneous class of proteins bearing sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Some of the proteoglycans have distinct core protein structures, and others display similarities and thus may be grouped into families such as the syndecans, the glypicans, or the hyalectans (or lecticans). Proteoglycans can be found in almost all tissues being present in the extracellular matrix, on cellul...

Four proteoglycans were sequentially extracted from Hypsizygus marmoreus using 0.1 M NaOH (alkali-soluble proteoglycans [F1] and alkali-insoluble proteoglycans [F3]) and 0.1 M HCl (acid-soluble proteoglycans [F2] and acid-insoluble proteoglycans [F4]), and their structures and immunomodulatory activities were investigated. The proteoglycans were found to contain carbohydrates (19.8-82.4%) with ...

Proteoglycans make up less than 1% of the dry weight of a dense connective tissue such as tendon (1). Most of this proteoglycan is a small molecule called decorin. Because decorin has only one glycosaminoglycan chain, it cannot be separated from other proteins by the CsCl density-gradient centrifugation method that was originally used to purify aggrecan from cartilage. The basic approach descri...

The predominant subclasses of mast cells in both the rat and the mouse can be distinguished from one another by their preferential synthesis of 35S-labeled proteoglycans that contain either heparin or oversulfated chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans. Although [35S]heparin proteoglycans have been isolated from human lung mast cells of 40-70% purity and from a skin biopsy specimen of a patient...

Proteoglycans, key molecular effectors of cell surface and pericellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer and angiogenesis by virtue of their polyhedric nature and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate neoplastic growth and neovascularization. Some proteoglycans such as perlecan, have pro- and anti-angiogenic activities, whereas other prot...

Proteoglycans of bone-marrow stromal cells and their extracellular matrix are important components of the haematopoietic microenvironment. Recently, several studies have indicated that they are involved in the interaction of haematopoietic stem and stromal cells. However, a detailed characterization of the heparan sulphate proteoglycans synthesized by bone-marrow stromal cells is still lacking....