There is a profusion of labels used for the phenomenon of multiword units (MU’s), yet they are notoriously underrepresented in handbooks of both grammatical and dictionary type alike. After an illustration of both, problems of criteria which delimit MU’s are raised up, together with an number of open issues and necessity of a functional approach is stressed. As three major issues, stableness, t...

In this paper we present a partial dependency parser for Irish, in which Constraint Grammar (CG) rules are used to annotate dependency relations and grammatical functions in unrestricted Irish text. Chunking is performed using a regular-expression grammar which operates on the dependency tagged sentences. As this is the first implementation of a parser for unrestricted Irish text (to our knowle...

The structural theory of metaphor (STM) uses techniques from possible worlds semantics to generate and interpret metaphors. STM is presented in detail in The Logic of Metaphor: Analogous Parts of Possible Worlds (Steinhart, 2001). STM is based on Kittay’s semantic field theory of metaphor (1987) and ultimately on Black’s interactionist theory (1962, 1979). STM uses an intensional calculus to sp...

This paper presents an approach to acquisition of some lexical and grammatical constraints from large corpora using genetic algorithms. The main aim is to use these constraints to automatically define local grammars that can be used to reduce lexical ambiguity usually found in an initially tagged text. A genetic algorithm for computation of the minimal representation of grammatical features of ...

The analysis of basic clause structures shows that clauses in Bahasa Siladang consist verbal and non-verbal predication. predicate can be filled by an adjective, noun, numeral or prepositional phrase. the argument structure intransitive requires one NP as only functioning grammatical subject, which agent a patient. Meanwhile, transitive verb two more arguments. presence these arguments sentence...

Recently a new metaphor for diagramming, the intelligent diagram has emerged. This new metaphor provides an excellent basis for diagram beautification since it automatically collects geometric constraints which capture the semantics of a diagram during diagram construction. By applying visual-language-specific layout rules which impose additional desired constraints on the diagram component pla...

Interpersonal metaphor, as one constituent of grammatical metaphor in systemic-functional grammar, is mainly represented by mood and modality. The language the movie Carnage abound with interpersonal metaphors diverse context “communication” “conflict” respectively. By summarizing application two types specific contexts “conflict”, int...