how to cite this article: aghayan golkashani h, hatami h, farzan a, mohammadi hr, nilipour y, khoddami m, jadali f. tumors of the central nervous system: an 18-year retrospective review in a tertiary pediatric referral center. iran j child neurol. summer 2015;9(3):24-33.   abstract objective few studies exist on the demographics and trends of pediatric central nervous system (cns) tumors in ira...

Agrobacterium fumefaciens (Agrobacterium) is a soil phytopathogen that genetically transforms host cells, causing crown gall tumors, an agronomically important disease that affects most dicotyledonous plants. In nature, these tumors are formed at the soil-air junction, the so-called crown of the plant. The Agrobacterium-plant cell interaction is the only known natural example of DNA transport b...

a case of pleomorphic adenoma in sweat gland is reported here. the histopathologic report confirmed the diagnosis. pleomorphic adenoma is most common in salivary glands but very rare in sweat glands. pleomorphic adenoma in sweat gland and the similar tumors of eccring sweat gland are described that bear a striking resemblance to pleomorphic adenomas of salivary gland. upon closer examination, t...

absract a case of 69- year-old woman with large pelvic mass and ascites is reported in this paper. with the exception of mild pelvic pain and a pelvic mass in pelvic , she had no symptom or sign . all routine and hormonal lab tests and tumor marker's were normal. the mri revealed a large mass in anterosuperior of uterus, and left ovary was situated in neighborhood of pelvic mass.her uterus norm...

in 1991, handlers and colleagues described the central odontogenic fibroma (cof) as a distinct entity which is a rare benign odontogenic tumour and up to the present, only 78 cases of it have been published. cof usually occurs in an adult patient and has a predilection for the anterior region of the jaws. a 2.8:1 female to mail ratio is typically noted. this article presents a case of cof in a ...

Two new species of the genus Goniozus viz., Goniozus inauditus Santhosh sp. nov. and G. kuriani Santhosh sp. nov. associated with insect induced plant galls from South India are described. The parasitic relationship of Goniozus with the nonlepidopteran hosts living in the concealed habitats and their association with insect induced plant galls and its inhabitants are reviewed.  The possible hos...

Ecosystem engineers affect ecological communities by physically modifying the environment. Understanding the factors determining the distribution of engineers offers a powerful predictive tool for community ecology. In this study, we examine whether the goldenrod bunch gall midge (Rhopalomyia solidaginis) functions as an ecosystem engineer in an old-field ecosystem by altering the composition o...

The present study indicates the efficacy of extracts and fractions of Quercus lusitania var. infectoria galls (Oliv.) as larvicidal agents and their possible use in biological control of Culex pipiens, the urban nuisance mosquito. Extracts and fractions were tested against second and fourth instar larvae. The LC(50) values of gallotannins were 335 and 373 ppm, respectively for the 2nd and 4th i...

Tile wheat gall nematode, Anguina tritici (Steinbuch 1799) Chitwood, 1935 does not travel far in the soil by its own efforts after i t emerges f rom the gall. When larvae are bur ied 15-20 cm under the surface, there is little infection of wheat, according to Marcinowski (3). Below 30 cm there is no infection and horizontal travel is f rom 5 to 20 cm. Marcinowski 's experiments were apparent ly...

1. Fig trees (Ficus) are pollinated only by agaonid wasps, whose larvae also gall fig ovules. Each ovule develops into either a seed (when pollinated) or a wasp (when an egg is also laid inside) but not both. 2. Ovipositing wasps (foundresses) favour ovules near the centre of the enclosed inflorescence (syconium or 'fig'), leaving ovules near the outer wall to develop into seeds. This spatial s...