Impairment in mismatch negativity (MMN) generation is a robust biological marker of schizophrenia. Understanding the physiological and pharmacological processes involved in its generation may therefore advance our understanding of this complex disorder. The present study tested if acute administration of nicotine modulates human auditory sensory memory as measured with MMN. ERP responses to ton...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the relationship between stress, self-efficacy, self-medication, and pharmacological neuroenhancement (PNE) in the Swiss general population. METHODS Using the largest Swiss Internet panel, a sample of 10,171 employees and students (unweighted N=10,084) aged 15-74 years was recruited and asked to complete a self-administered online survey. The data were weighted ...

This study examined perceived learning barriers to and strategies for teaching clinical pharmacology to undergraduate nursing students. The purposes of this study were to discuss barriers and strategies for teaching clinical pharmacology to undergraduate nursing students and compare those findings to student evaluation responses. This study used a comparative, cross-sectional design and examine...

The roles of the extracellular domain of type II TGF-β receptor (TBRII-ECD) in physiological processes ranging from development to cancer to wound healing render it an attractive target for exploration with chemical tools. For such applications, large amounts of active soluble protein are needed, but the yields of TBRII-ECD we obtained with current folding protocols were variable. To expedite t...

background & aim: pain is the main stressful factor in patients hospitalized in intensive care units(icu). non-pharmacological methods for pain relief are preferred by icu patients due to lack of considerable side effects. the present research aims to determine the effect of tens on pain intensity followed by surgery in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. setting of the study was bes...

background and objective: genus salacia l. (celastraceae) is a woody climbing medicinal plant consisting of about 200 species with many endangered species located throughout the world’s tropical areas. various parts of the plant as food, functional food additive and tea have been extensively used to treat a variety of ailments like diabetes and obesity as well as inflammatory and skin diseases....

conclusions both add-on ldt and switching to peg-ifn-α2a were satisfactory and optimal treatments for chb patients with poor responses to adv. both rescue strategies resulted in significant reductions in serum viral load and alt levels, and were associated with high rate of serological outcomes in our hospital. patients and methods ninety-seven chb patients with hbv dna > 2 log10 copies/ml 48 w...

Rosa damascena mill L., known as Gole Mohammadi in Iran is one of the most important species of Rosaceae family flowers. R. damascena is an ornamental plant and beside perfuming effect, several pharmacological properties including anti-HIV, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitussive, hypnotic, antidiabetic, and relaxant effect on tracheal chains have been reported for this plant. This article is a...

Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common problems in women of childbearing age that often interferes with their work and social relationships. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies in the treatment of PMS. Materials and Methods<...