Purpose: To validate a locally fabricated phantom of Imatrixx-2D Array by comparing its results with ArcCheck phantom and comparing portal dosimetry measurements with the two phantom studies. Materials and Methods: Electronic Portal Imaging Devices and Epiqa software were used for portal dosimetry. An Imatrixx-2D array with a locally fabricated phantom and ArcCheck cylindrical phantom were used...

The AAPM Task Group 21 protocol for the calibration of high-energy photon and electron beams was produced to accomplish essentially two goals: (1) incorporate the latest physical data available for calculating absorbed dose from ionization measurements and (2) to eliminate inconsistencies in absorbed dose measurements made with various ion chamber and phantom combinations. The ability of the pr...

Key applications of quantum computing, including error correction, rely critically on the capability to measure (read out) state selected bits, without disturbing other qubits or terminating computation. Such $m\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}d\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}i\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}r\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}c\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}u\phantom{\rule{0}{...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) software in detecting and measuring polyps for CT Colonography, based on an in vitro phantom study. MATERIAL AND METHODS A colon phantom was constructed with a PVC pipe of 3.8 cm diameter. Nine simulated polyps of various sizes (3.2mm-25.4mm) were affixed inside the phantom that was placed in a wa...

A novel IMRT phantom was designed and fabricated using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastic. Physical properties of ABS plastic related to radiation interaction and dosimetry were compared with commonly available phantom materials for dose measurements in radiotherapy. The ABS IMRT phantom has provisions to hold various types of detectors such as ion chambers, radiographic/radiochromic...

esophageal cancer is the eighth most ordinary cancer and the sixth most common cancer between the males and ninth for females in the world; its major and effective treatment is external radiotherapy. this type of cancer can be found in different areas of esophagus including cervical, upper, middle and lower esophagus. in this treatment, healthy tissues such as the trachea, spine and sternum and...

The aim of this report is to present a new two-piece thyroid-neck phantom produced by the concurrent use of epoxy resin and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA: plexiglass) soft tissue equivalent materials. Accordingly, mass attenuation coefficients of the epoxy resin and the plexiglass compounds were obtained from simulation (NIST XCOM 3.1) and measurements (practical dosimetry) and compared to th...

A new anthropometric phantom having the shape of the adult human knee and containing a removable femur, patella, tibia, and fibula, has been developed for use in calibrating in vivo measurements of bone-seeking radionuclides. The shell of the phantom is assembled in three interlocking sections so that the skeletal components can easily be exchanged. All the materials used in the phantom have th...