PURPOSE To define the phenotype of the retinal degeneration associated with mutations in the CERKL gene. METHODS Six patients (ages, 26-54 years) from three unrelated families with CERKL mutations were studied clinically and by electroretinography, kinetic, and chromatic static perimetry, autofluorescence (AF) imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). RESULTS Three siblings were homo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate en face spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of the outer retinal hard exudates in diabetic macular edema (DME). PATIENTS AND METHODS Exploratory analyses of prospective and consecutive case series. Fifty-five eyes treated with intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) for 12 months were classif...

Labeling of newly divided retinal cells with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and a rhodopsin mRNA probe revealed that rhodopsin is first expressed by new rod photoreceptors 2 days after cell birth in an adult cichlid fish. Most new cells that expressed rhodopsin had nuclei located in the vitreal half of the outer nuclear layer (ONL), lending further support to the hypothesis that movement from scleral...

OBJECTIVE We investigated apoptosis, i.e., programmed cell death, in steroid induced osteonecrosis in a rabbit model. METHODS Forty-four adult Japanese White rabbits were divided into 3 groups: Group A were untreated controls and had a subsequent 8 week no-treatment period; Group B received intramuscular injection of methylprednisolone 4 mg/kg once weekly for 4 weeks; and Group C received the...

We define a tableau calculus for the logic of only knowing and knowing at most ONL, which is an extension of Levesque’s logic of only knowing OL. The method is based on the possible-world semantics of the logic ONL, and can be considered as an extension of known tableau calculi for modal logic K45. From the technical viewpoint, the main features of such an extension are the explicit representat...

PURPOSE To investigate in vivo the retinal microstructure in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) caused by RPGR mutations as a prelude to treatment initiatives for this common form of RP. METHODS Patients with RPGR-XLRP (n = 12; age range, 10-56 years) were studied by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a wide region of central retina. Overall retinal thickness and outer nuclear layer (ONL...

PURPOSE To correlate retinal functional changes with structural changes in P23H rhodopsin transgenic rats as a model of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. METHODS P23H heterozygote (lines 1 and 3) and Sprague-Dawley control rats were studied at 4 to 29 weeks by retinal histology, electroretinogram (ERG), and a-wave transduction modeling. RESULTS Both line 1 (faster degeneration) and l...

Objective. To measure and compare photoreceptor layer thickness between normal and glaucomatous eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods. Thirty-eight healthy normal volunteers and 47 glaucoma patients were included in the analysis. One eye from each participant was randomly selected for macula imaging by a spectral-domain OCT (3D OCT-1000, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). T...

Given a set S of sites and a setO of weighted objects, an optimal location query finds the location(s) where introducing a new site maximizes the total weight of the objects that are closer to the new site than to any other site.With such a query, for instance, a franchise corporation (e.g., McDonald’s) can find a location to open a new store such that the number of potential store customers (i...