Corruption is often defined as a deviant conduct from established legal and formal norms expected ways of behaving in the exercise official duties discharge responsibilities. Readiness to tolerate corruption will hinge primarily upon evaluator’s understanding what those ethical standards are. This means that citizens’ willingness accept something “normal” functioning democracy or “beneficial” e...

S ome years ago I interviewed the chief executive officer of a successful Thai manufacturing firm as part of a pilot survey project. While trying to figure out a good way to quantify the firm’s experience with government regulations and corruption in the foreign trade sector, the CEO exclaimed: “I hope to be reborn as a custom official.” When a well-paid CEO wishes for a job with low official p...

The paper analyses the Guidelines issued in 2020 by Central Anti-Corruption Bureau Poland on establishment and implementation of effective compliance programmes public sector. These guidelines constitute very first Polish official document referring to Its detailed critical analysis is therefore useful for construction policies institutions, order prevent possibly detect irregularities, includi...

The Impact of Risk Perception and Risk Attitudes on Corrupt Behavior: Evidence from a Petty Corruption Experiment We investigate one possible explanation for observed rates of corrupt behavior namely that individual decision makers who frequently engage in illegal actions may underestimate the overall probability of being caught. This might in particular be true for petty corruption where small...