postmodern thought has affected all area of humanities;however, its base is found in the philosophy of language, where theorists speakof judgment about signification and meaning; the critic is also seen as ajudge. in this article, we try to vet postmodern thought concerning judgmentfrom six various aspects, called judgments. despite the correctness of some ofits points, we are going to cast dou...

Abstract: Recently, Erik Wielenberg has developed a novel objection to divine command meta-ethics (DCM). The that DCM "has the implausible implication psychopaths have no moral obligations and hence their evil acts, matter how evil, are morally permissible". This article criticizes Wielenberg's argument. Section 1 will expound new "psychopath" argument in context of recent debate over Promulgat...

Abstract In response to Pascal's famous wager argument for adopting Christian belief, Denis Diderot noted that ‘An Imam could just as well reason this way’. article, I will show how Diderot's observation about can legitimately be made Alvin Plantinga's Reformed Epistemology (RE) and its use in defending the rationality of belief. RE can, with some minor adjustments, easily adopted by Muslims. s...

Maxwell seems to have considered the great paper of L. Lorenz on retarded potentials [1] (published simultaneously in 1867 with a paper written in 1858 by B. Riemann on the same theme [2]) as insufficiently supportive of his vision of a dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field [3], whereas the present attitude is that Riemann and Lorenz made important contributions to the Maxwellian view. ...