We are concerned with global steady subsonic flows through general infinitely long nozzles for the full Euler equations. The problem is formulated as a boundary value problem in the unbounded domain for a nonlinear elliptic equation of second order in terms of the stream function. It is established that, when the oscillation of the entropy and Bernoulli functions at the upstream is sufficiently...

A number of studies report the benefit of proper oil spraying in positive-displacement compressors. This work presents a thermodynamic model for simulating sliding-vane air compressors that employ an injection system for the lubricating oil based on both plain orifices and pressure-swirl nozzles to exploit the thermal effect of sprayed oil inside the compression chambers. An experimental campai...

Hollow carbon nanofibers (HCNFs) were prepared by electrospinning method with several coaxial nozzles, in which the level of the inner nozzle-end is adjustable. Core/shell nanofibers were prepared from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a pyrolytic core and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a carbon shell with three types of normal (viz. inner and outer nozzle-ends are balanced in the same level), in...

Metallic miniature products have been highlighted as mini-/micro-structural components working as a precise mechanism, in dispensing systems, and in medical operations. In particular, the essential mechanical parts such as pipes and nozzles have strength and hardness sufficient for ejecting viscous liquids, solders, and particles. A low-temperature plasma nitriding process was proposed as a sur...

Fungicides manufactured to control soybean rust are effective; however, successful control of this disease will mostly depend on proper application methods. Spray coverage and deposition from 9 application equipment/spray nozzles were analyzed. In general, the spray treatments with air assistance were more effective in spraying rust fungicides than the treatments with the conventional boom spra...

A general, hierarchical model for describing automated assembly systems is developed in this work. This hierarchical model allows any complex assembly system to be decomposed into simpler sub-systems. This decomposition can be applied recursively to generate a multi-level system structure. Planning and control can be performed on each part of this structure and, if necessary, between parts. The...

PWR reactor vessel (RV) head has a number of penetration nozzles, including nozzles with thermal sleeve for control rod drive mechanisms (CRDM) and without thermal sleeve. These nozzles are typically made of nickel-based Alloy 600 or 690 and welded to the inside of the RPV head. Cracking has been reported in Alloy 600 nozzles and the J-weld regions. These nozzles are normally inspected by eddy ...

Spray drift is a great concern because of environmental consequences of agricultural practices. Many studies were conducted in wind tunnel (Miller, 2011; Nuyttens, 2007; Herbst, 2003) mainly focusing on the definition of quantitative deposition on collectors at different distances or heights according to (ISO 22856, 2008). In most cases, only one nozzle positioned frontally (wind direction perp...