The paper considers an early approach toward a (fuzzy) set theory with a graded membership predicate and a graded equality relation which had been developed by the German mathematician D. Klaua in 1965. In the context of the mathematical fuzzy logic MTL of left-continuous t-norms we discuss some properties of these graded relations. We compare the simultaneous recursive definitions of these rel...

Among individuals with episodic memory impairments, trial-and-error learning is less successful than when errors are avoided. This "errorless learning advantage" has been replicated numerous times, but its neurocognitive mechanism is uncertain, with existing evidence pointing to both medial temporal lobe (MTL) and frontal lobe (FL) involvement. To test the relative contribution of MTL and FL fu...

Neuroimaging studies of spontaneous signal fluctuations as measured by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging have revealed age-related alterations in the functional architecture of brain networks. One such network is located in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), showing structural and functional variations along the anterior-posterior axis. Past cross-sectional studies of MTL functio...

It is a fundamental question whether the medial temporal lobe (MTL) supports only long-term memory encoding, or contributes to working memory (WM) processes as well. Recent data suggest that the MTL is activated whenever multiple items or item features are being maintained in WM. This may rely on interactions between the MTL or the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and content-specific areas in the infer...

Mannitol (Mtl), not previously reported as an intracellular component of bacteria, although it has been found as an extracellular end product of anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism, accumulated within strains of all 10 staphylococcal species tested after aerobic incubation of washed cell suspensions in phosphate-buffered 1% glucose for 2 h. Phenol extracts of the cells, before and after incubatio...

Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) and Timed Propositional Temporal Logic (TPTL) are prominent extensions of Linear Temporal Logic to specify properties about data languages. In this paper, we consider the class of data languages of non-monotonic data words over the natural numbers. We prove that, in this setting, TPTL is strictly more expressive than MTL. To this end, we introduce Ehrenfeucht-Fraı̈ssé...

We study translations from Metric Temporal Logic (MTL) over the natural numbers to Linear Temporal Logic (LTL). In particular, we present two approaches for translating from MTL to LTL which preserve the EXPSPACE complexity of the satisfiability problem for MTL. Our translations, thus, allow us to utilise LTL provers to solve MTL satisfiability problems.

Lung cancer has been the leading cause of death for many decades. With advent artificial intelligence, various machine learning models have proposed lung detection (LCD). Typically, challenges in building an accurate LCD model are small-scale datasets, poor generalizability to detect unseen data, and selection useful source domains prioritization multiple transfer learning. In this paper, a mul...

In this paper we investigate the logic MTL∼ obtained by extending Esteva and Godo’s logic MTL with an involutive negation ∼ not dependent on the t-norm and with the Baaz’s operator ∆. Moreover, we also introduce and study the related predicate calculus MTL∀∼. Algebraic and standard completeness results are shown to hold for both MTL∼ and MTL∀∼.

1 1 General Introduction 3 1.1 Traditional models of the medial temporal lobe 3 1.1.1 The medial temporal lobe memory system 3 1.1.2 Functional segregations within the MTL 5 1.2 A perceptual role of the MTL 8 1.2.1 The effect of MTL lesions on visual discrimination 8 1.2.2 fMRI studies of visual discrimination in the MTL 10 1.2.3 The importance of working memory 11 1.2.4 The role of the fornix ...