PURPOSE Desmopressin is a standard treatment for monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Different formulations are promoted as bioequivalent, although these claims are not supported by comparative pharmacodynamic data in children. Food interaction is known to influence the bioavailability of desmopressin. We compared the pharmacodynamics of the 2 most frequently used desmopressin formulations, tab...

Chemical differentiation of rocky planets occurs by melt segregation away from the region of melting. The mechanics of this process, however, are complex and incompletely understood. In partially molten rocks undergoing shear deformation, melt pockets between grains align coherently in the stress field; it has been hypothesized that this anisotropy in microstructure creates an anisotropy in the...

Implicit in most large-scale numerical analyses of the crystal growth from the melt is the assumption that the shape and position of the phase boundary are determined by the transport phenomena coupled strongly to the melt hydrodynamics. In the present numerical study, the interface shape-effect on the convective interactions in a Czochralski oxide melt is described. It was demonstrated that th...

Kinetics of crystal growth in non-isochemical systems is considered taking into account the changes in composition of the residual melt during the process. This leads to the formation of concentration gradients in the vicinity of the new phase. If a component acting as a network modifier is enriched in the crystalline phase, the melt at the interface is enriched in network formers and the glass...

Dislocation and grain-boundary melting are studied in three dimensions using the phase field crystal method. Isolated dislocations are found to melt radially outward from their core, as the localized excess elastic energy drives a power-law divergence in the melt radius. Dislocations within low angle to intermediate angle grain boundaries melt similarly until an angle-dependent first-order wett...

We have used molecular dynamics simulations to construct a microcanonical caloric curve for a 1415 atom Ni icosahedron. Prior to melting, the Ni cluster exhibits static solid-liquid phase coexistence. Initially, a partial icosahedral structure coexists with a partially wetting melt. However, at energies very close to the melting point the icosahedral structure is replaced by a truncated decahed...

Melt spinning of polypropylene nonwoven nanofiber mats is demonstrated using Forcespinning The effects of rotational speed and melt flow rate of polymer on fiber diameter were studied. It was observed that melt flow rate of the polymer plays a major role in nanofiber formation and uniformity. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-Ray Diffraction analysis indicate that the crystallinity of nan...

Both liquidus and subsolidus phase equilibrium data are of central importance for applications of high temperature supercon-ductors in the (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system, including material synthesis, melt processing and single crystal growth. The sub-solidus equilibria of the 110 K high-Tc Pb-doped 2223 ([Bi, Pb], Sr, Ca, Cu) phase and the location of the primary phase field (crystallization field...

Melt extraction from the Earth’s mantle requires some form of channelized flow to produce the observed disequilibrium between the crust-forming lavas and their mantle sources. In this review, we discuss the influence of deformation on melt-extraction processes, with an emphasis on the understanding gained from a wide range of laboratory experimental investigations. Rheological properties of par...

Phase equilibria modelling incorporating melt reintegration offers a methodology to create hypothetical rock compositions that may have existed prior to melt loss, allowing the potential prograde evolution of rocks to be explored. However, melt reintegration modelling relies on assumptions concerning the volume of melt that was lost and is generally restricted by the absence of direct constrain...