Understanding the demographic response of free-living animal populations to different drivers is the first step towards reliable prediction of population trends. Penguins have exhibited dramatic declines in population size, and many studies have linked this to bottom-up processes altering the abundance of prey species. The effects of individual traits have been considered to a lesser extent, an...

An important aspect of foraging ecology is the extent to which different individuals or genders within a population exploit food resources in a different manner. For diving seabirds, much of this information relates either to short-term dietary data or indirect measures such as time budgets. Moreover, dietary specialisation can be difficult to detect due to biases associated with conventional s...

backgrounds and objectives:today, one of the most important environmental issues is solid waste produced in dentistry that because of the presence of hazardous, toxic and pathogen agents has special importance. in this survey, solid waste produced in hamadan dentistry laboratories and practical dentist offices is studied.materials and methods: in this descriptive study, from 24 dentistry labora...

One of the most important food problems of India and many other east and south-east Asian countries, in general, is the provision of adequate amounts of cereals in the diet to meet the caloric requirements of the people. The total production of food grains has been steadily increasing as a result of improved methods of agriculture, but the demand from the rapidly growing population has also cor...

How animals manage their oxygen stores during diving and other breath-hold activities has been a topic of debate among physiologists for decades. Specifically, while the behavior of free-ranging diving animals suggests that metabolism during submersion must be primarily aerobic in nature, no studies have been able to determine their rate of oxygen consumption during submersion (Vo(2)d) and henc...

For land-breeding marine organisms such as seabirds, knowledge about their habitat use has mainly been gained through studies of breeding individuals that are constrained to return frequently to their breeding grounds. In this study we set out to measure whether: a) habitat selection in the non-breeding period predicts habitat selection in the breeding period, and b) whether breeding individual...