25 26 The objective of this study was to determine the potential role of astrocyte-derived ketone bodies 27 in regulating the early changes in caloric intake of diet induced-obese (DIO) vs. diet resistant 28 (DR) rats fed a 31.5% fat high-energy (HE) diet. After 3 d on chow or HE diet, DR and DIO rats, 29 were assessed for their ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) ketone bodies levels and neuronal ...

1. The metabolism of glucose, glutamine and ketone-bodies was studied in the small intestine of rats after 5 days of hyperthyroidism. 2. Portal-drained visceral bloodflow increased by 20.1% (P < 0.05) in hyperthyroid rats and was accompanied by a decrease in the arteriovenous concentration difference of glutamine (25.7%, P < 0.05), glutamate (22.0%, P < 0.05), alanine (20.9%, P < 0.05) and ammo...

BACKGROUND High levels of ketone bodies are associated with improved survival as observed with regular exercise, caloric restriction, and-most recently-treatment with sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 inhibitor antidiabetic drugs. In heart failure, indices of ketone body metabolism are upregulated, which may improve energy efficiency and increase blood flow in skeletal muscle and the kidneys....

1. Seven patients with acromegaly and nine controls were studied before, during and after 30 min of moderate steady exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Venous blood samples were taken for estimation of growth hormone (HGH), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), pyruvate, lactate, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol and ketone bodies. 2. Exercise caused a rise in HGH concentrations in the acromegalic...

During starvation for 72 h, tumour-bearing rats showed accelerated ketonaemia and marked ketonuria. Total blood [ketone bodies] were 8.53 mM and 3.34 mM in tumour-bearing and control (non-tumour-bearing) rats respectively (P less than 0.001). The [3-hydroxybutyrate]/[acetoacetate] ratio was 1.3 in the tumour-bearing rats, compared with 3.2 in the controls at 72 h (P less than 0.001). Blood [glu...

The heroin analogue 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, MPP1, both in vitro and in vivo, produces death of dopaminergic substantia nigral cells by inhibiting the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase multienzyme complex, producing a syndrome indistinguishable from Parkinson’s disease. Similarly, a fragment of amyloid protein, Ab1–42, is lethal to hippocampal cells, producing recent memory deficits characte...

Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase (AACS) is a cytoplasmic enzyme that activates the ketone body acetoacetate for lipogenesis. Aacs is expressed in liver, thus this tissue produces and consumes ketone bodies. To understand this apparent paradox we studied the expression of Aacs in liver during the transition from fasting to feeding, and characterized the kinetic parameters of the human enzyme. We show ...

Cancer cells express an abnormal metabolism characterized by increased glucose consumption owing to genetic mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous studies indicate that unlike healthy tissues, cancer cells are unable to effectively use ketone bodies for energy. Furthermore, ketones inhibit the proliferation and viability of cultured tumor cells. As the Warburg effect is especially pr...

It was reported that there was a relationship between the acetate metabolism and TCA cycle in rumen epithelium of sheep. The present study was designated to elucidate how this relationship was influenced by starvation and alloxan treatment. The results obtained are summarized as follows. There was no effect of the addition of citrate or succinate on the "C transfer from "C-acetate into CO„gluco...