In this study, a multivariable control structure is developed to simultaneously control the concentrations of cells and of one of the nutrients in an animal cell cultivation system operated in perfusion. A cascade control structure is considered consisting of (i) an inner loop with a partially linearizing feedback controller, tuned so as to ensure robustness with respect to parameter uncertaint...

Substrate functionalization is of great importance in successfully manipulating flows and liquid interfaces in microdevices. Herein, we propose an alternative approach for spatial patterning of wettability in a microcapillary tube. The method combines a photolithography process with self-assembled monolayer formation. The modified microcapillaries show very sharp boundaries between the alternat...

We study the effect of nuclear reaction on a thin, axisymmetric, differentially rotating, inviscid, steady accretion flow around a black hole from an analytical point of view. We find that for most of the reasonable disk parameters, when p − p-reaction, dissociation of deuterium and helium are taken into account, the transonic region of the disk continues to have the inner sonic point and if th...

In this paper, the dynamic simulation for a high pressure regulator is performed to obtain the regulator behavior. To analyze the regulator performance, the equation of motion for inner parts, the continuity equation for diverse chambers and the equation for mass flow rate were derived. Because of nonlinearity and coupling, these equations are solved using numerical methods and the results are ...

The distribution of renal blood flow was measured in isolated blood-perfused dog kidneys using radioactive labeled microspheres. The kidneys were perfused at a constant systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg. For the first 50 minutes of perfusion, flow to the outer zones of the renal cortex was 79 ± 2% (SE) of the total renal blood flow, and inner cortical blood flow accounted for 21 ± 2%. With continu...

The flow-field characteristics of high-temperature annular buoyant jets as well as the development laws influenced by ventilation system were studied using numerical methods to eliminate the pollutants effectively in this paper. The development laws of high-temperature annular buoyant jets were analyzed and compared with previous studies, including radial velocity distribution, axial velocity a...

In this article, turbulent flow heat transfer in the air gap between rotor and stator of a generator under nonhomogeneous heat flux is studied experimentally. The rotor consists of four symmetrical triangular grooves. The stator surface is smooth and does not include any grooves. The relative heat flux between the rotor and the stator is 1 to 3. Temperature and heat flux are measured locally at...

AIMS We sought to develop techniques for visualizing cochlear blood flow in live mammalian subjects using fluorescence microendoscopy. BACKGROUND Inner ear microcirculation appears to be intimately involved in cochlear function. Blood velocity measurements suggest that intense sounds can alter cochlear blood flow. Disruption of cochlear blood flow may be a significant cause of hearing impairm...

In this article, turbulent flow heat transfer in the air gap between rotor and stator of a generator under nonhomogeneous heat flux is studied experimentally. The rotor consists of four symmetrical triangular grooves. The stator surface is smooth and does not include any grooves. The relative heat flux between the rotor and the stator is 1 to 3. Temperature and heat flux are measured locally at...

In this work, the feasibility of flow pattern and oil hold up the prediction for vertical upward oil–water two–phase flow using pressure fluctuation signals was experimentally investigated. Water and diesel fuel were selected as immiscible liquids. Oil hold up was measured by Quick Closing Valve (QCV) technique, and five flow patterns were identified using high-speed photo...