The influence of different plasma triglyceride concentrations on the heterogeneity of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and on the susceptibility of LDL to copper oxidation was investigated. By density gradient ultracentrifugation, LDL subfractions were isolated from the plasma of 10 normolipidemic control subjects and 12 hypertriglyceridemic patients both before and after clofibrate treatment. In ...

OBJECTIVE Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. However, not all obese subjects develop the metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms that induce dyslipidemia in obese subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS Stable isotope tracers were used to elucidate the pathophysiology of the dyslipidemia in hypertriglyce...

When the Ay gene is expressed in KK mice, the yellow offspring (KKAy mice) become obese, insulin resistant, hyperglycemic, and severely hypertriglyceridemic, yet they maintain extraordinarily high plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Mice lack the ability to redistribute neutral lipids among circulating lipoproteins, a process catalyzed in humans by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (...

These studies examined the proposition that the small particle size of HDL3 in the plasma of hypertriglyceridemic subjects is the consequence of the sequential actions of lipid transfer protein and hepatic lipase on HDL. Incubation of unmodified total HDL or HDL3 in the presence of hepatic lipase resulted in a depletion of phospholipid, but little change in the size of the particles. On the oth...

The relationship between the plasma triglycerides and the LDL triglycerides of 30 normal and 48 hypertriglyceridemic subjects has been quantified; the data fit a simple adsorption isotherm, LDL triglyceride/(LDL triglyceride+LDL cholesterol ester) = 0.65 plasma triglyceride/(464 + plasma triglyceride). In vitro transfer of triglyceride from concentrated VLDL to VLDL-depleted plasma produced tri...

Apoprotein (apo) C-III plays an important role in the development of hypertriglyceridemia by inhibiting triglyceride (TG) removal. However, the effect of apo C-III on TG production remains unclear. We measured TG secretion rate (TGSR) in apo C-III gene-disrupted (apo C-III-null) mice to investigate the influence of this protein on TG turnover. TGSR measured by the Triton WR-1339 method was incr...

Beneficial effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) agonists have been reported in improving insulin sensitivity and raising serum total adiponectin. High molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, which is secreted from adipocytes, and visfatin, which is also expressed in adipose tissue, is related to glucose metabolism. In view of the additive effects of PPAR alpha ag...

Plasma net cholesteryl ester (CE) transfer and optimum cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity were determined in primary hypertriglyceridemic (n = 11) and normolipidemic (n = 15) individuals. The hypertriglyceridemic group demonstrated threefold greater net CE transfer leading to enhanced accumulation of CE in VLDL. This increased net transfer was not accompanied by a change in CETP...

Obesity commonly accompanies hypertriglyceridemia, and weight reduction is widely recommended for treatment of elevated triglyceride levels. To determine whether weight reduction will normalize lipoprotein metabolism in overweight, hypertriglyceridemic patients, 10 such male patients underwent weight loss until their body weights were within the desirable range. After reestablishment of a stead...

AIMS The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the accumulation and distribution of lipids in the liver of the adult Prague hereditary hypertriglyceridemic (HHTg) rats. They reveal an increased expression of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11HSD1), which locally increases concentration of corticosterone in the liver. We studied the effect of the 11HSD1 inhibition on the lipid content....