BACKGROUND Evidence on the impact of expectancy on acupuncture treatment response is conflicting. OBJECTIVES This secondary analysis of a randomized sham-controlled trial on acupuncture for menopausal hot flashes investigated whether treatment expectancy score was associated with hot flash score at end-of-treatment. Secondary analyses investigated whether there were associations between other...

Boucané is a traditional meat product from Réunion that is obtained by salting, drying and hot smoking pork belly. One-step unit operations give rise to a stable product with remarkable colour and flavour qualities. Smoking the product directly over embers, however, leads to benzo(a)pyrene contamination. Mass transfers (salt gain, water loss) stabilize the end product, which has a 28.5% water c...

Esophageal cancer at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) is the leading cancer in men with a poor prognosis. A case control study (n = 159) aimed at the histology type, gender, and risk indicators was carried out at MTRH. Mantel Haenszel chi-square and logistic regression were employed for analysis. Squamous-cell carcinoma was the common histological type occurring in the middle third por...

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors associated with the duration of hot flashes and the time of peak hot flash severity in mid-life women. METHODS A cohort of 647 women reporting hot flashes were followed for 1-7 years, with survey data and hormone measurements. Survival analysis determined the association of risk factors with the duration of hot flashes. Linear regression determined the assoc...

AIMS To examine the relation between current alcohol use, estradiol, estrone, and testosterone levels, and hot flashes in midlife women using a case-control study design. METHODS Cases were midlife women (45-54 years) who reported ever experiencing hot flashes. Controls were midlife women (45-54 years) who reported never experiencing hot flashes. Each participant completed a questionnaire and...

Seventeen separate mitochondria! hot spot mutations in a 100-bp target sequence (mitochondria! hp 10,030-10.130) »ere detected and measured in bronchial epithelial cell samples isolated from smokers and nonsmokers. Among the individuals sampled »erethree pairs of monozygotic twins in which one twin had never smoked and had a nonsmoking spouse, and the other had a smoking history of >IO pack-y...

Seventeen separate mitochondrial hot spot mutations in a 100-bp target sequence (mitochondrial bp 10,030-10,130) were detected and measured in bronchial epithelial cell samples isolated from smokers and nonsmokers. Among the individuals sampled were three pairs of monozygotic twins in which one twin had never smoked and had a nonsmoking spouse, and the other had a smoking history of >10 pack-ye...

A tradeoff between short-term costs and long-term gains characterizes many cancer control behaviors, such as behavior change (e.g., quitting smoking), screening (e.g., mammography), and prevention (e.g., healthy diet). One factor that may influence these tradeoffs is time preference, or the value assigned to future outcomes relative to immediate ones. Studies of the relationship between individ...