Human activities have reorganized the earth's biota resulting in spatially disparate locales becoming more or less similar in species composition over time through the processes of biotic homogenization and biotic differentiation, respectively. Despite mounting evidence suggesting that this process may be widespread in both aquatic and terrestrial systems, past studies have predominantly focuse...

Conventional high-pressure homogenization (HPH) is widely used in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries among others. In general, its aim is to produce micron or sub-micron scale emulsions with excellent product characteristics. However, its energy consumption is still very high. Additionally, several limitations and boundaries impede the usage of high-pressure homogenization for sp...

This paper aims to develop a numerical multiscale homogenization method for prediction of elasto-viscoplastic properties of a high performance concrete (HPC). The homogenization procedure is separated into two-levels according to the microstructure of the HPC: the mortar or matrix level and the concrete level. The elasto-viscoplastic behavior of individual microstructural phases of the matrix a...

Microlens arrays (MLAs) are key optical components in laser beam homogenization. However, due to imperfect surface profiles resulting from microfabrication, the functionalities of MLAs in beam modulation could be compromised to some extent. In order to address this issue, the effects of surface profile mismatches between ideal and fabricated MLAs on beam homogenization were analyzed. Four types...

Numerical homogenization methods Synonyms multiscale methods for homogenization problems, upscaling methods, representative volume element methods Definition Numerical homogenization methods are techniques for finding numerical solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) with rapidly oscillating coefficients (multiple scales). In mathematical analysis, homogenization can be defined as a ...

Biotic homogenization, the gradual replacement of native biotas by locally expanding non-natives, is a global process that diminishes floral and faunal distinctions among regions. Although patterns of homogenization have been well studied, their specific ecological and evolutionary consequences remain unexplored. We argue that our current perspective on biotic homogenization should be expanded ...

The simulation of the metabolism in mammalian cells becomes a severe problem if spatial distributions must be taken into account. Especially the cytoplsma has a very complex geometric structure which cannot be handled by standard discretization techniques. In the present paper we propose a homogenization technique for computing effective diffusion constants. This is accomplished by using a two-...

during storage, serum separation is a major defect that affects the market share of doogh. therefore, in the present study the effects of high shear stirring and homogenization, as major operation units, on the stability was investigated. to do so, dooghs were stirred at various speeds and time scales (9000 rpm and 11000 rpm for 30 s and 2 min), homogenized at different pressures (0, 20, 50, 80...

in this work, effects of homogenization time of 3 to 13 h at 1200 °c on the grain refinement of as-cast aisi 301 stainless steel after different hot rolling conditions were investigated. the results showed that the minimum grain size of 16±7 mm was achieved when homogenization took place at 1200 °c for 9 h followed by hot rolling at temperature range of 1000–1200 °c with strain of 0.8 and strai...