in all places and eras, human has been concerned with thought of fate of the spirit and he has some imaginations about the world after death and destiny of dead souls based on his knowledge. ardaviraf's travel story to hell, purgatory and eden and visiting emshasepandan and ahooramazda is of this kind. this paper is to investigate and analyze this valuable literary masterpiece and to descr...

Eternity is in love with the productions of time — William Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell.

This article describes about hell in various suras the Qur'an, one of which is Surah Maryam verses 71 and 72. Unlike other verses, this verse states that everyone will come to whether he a disobedient person or believer. Regarding verse, there are differences opinion on meaning word وَارِدُهاَ means him. Some interpret it with entering. While some others passing. Imam al-Tabari commentators who pro...

Ted Sider’s paper “Hell and Vagueness” challenges a certain conception of Hell by arguing that it is inconsistent with God’s justice. Sider’s inconsistency argument works only when supplemented by additional premises. Key to Sider’s case is a premise that the properties upon which eternal destinies supervene are “a smear,” i.e., they are distributed continuously among individuals in the world. ...

Bang-Jensen and Hell conjectured in 1990 (using the language of graph homomorphisms) a CSP dichotomy for digraphs with no sources or sinks. The conjecture states that the constraint satisfaction problem for such a digraph is tractable if each component of its core is a circle and is NP-complete otherwise. In this paper we prove this conjecture, and, as a consequence, a conjecture of Bang-Jensen...

In a 4Pi-confocal microscope the specimen is illuminated and observed coherently from above and below such that the numerical aperture is increased [S. W. Hell, European Patent Application 91121368.4 (filed 1990, published 1992), S. W. Hell and E. H. K. Stelzer, J. Opt. Sot. Am. A9,2159 (.1992)]. The point spread functions of 4Pi-confocal and confocal microscopes were measured. Our measurements...