statement of the problem: casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp) increases the mineral content of tooth structure. this may enhance the chemical bonding of glass ionomer cements (gic) and marginal sealing of their restorations. purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cpp-acp paste pretreatment on the microleakage of three types of gic. materials and met...

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are widely used in restorative dentistry.1 In dentistry, one of their advantages over other restorative materials is that they can be placed into tooth cavities without an additional bonding agent.2 They also possess a fluoride-releasing property3 and are relatively biocompatible with the pulp.1 Adhesive property and fluoride release of glass ionomer cement contribu...

Ceramic and glass materials exhibit desirable properties for various applications. A glass-ceramic composite material could be utilized as an alternative to pure ceramic materials, with a reduced energy requirement processing recycling. In this work, customized photosensitive pastes containing zirconia particles were created processed by stereolithography. Complex 2- dimensional 3-dimensional H...

– We study the steady-state response to applied stress in a simple scalar model of sheared colloids. Our model is based on a schematic (F2) model of the glass transition, with a memory term that depends on both stress and shear rate. For suitable parameters, we find transitions from a fluid to a nonergodic, jammed state, showing zero flow rate in an interval of applied stress. Although the jamm...

Recycling solid waste in cement-based materials cannot only ease its load on the natural environment but also reduce carbon emissions of building materials. This study aims to investigate effect recycled glass powder (RGP) early-age mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage cement pastes, where is replaced by 10%, 20% 30% RGP. In addition, microstructure nano-mechanical paste with differen...

Abstract In this study, glass wool waste was utilized by means of alkali-activation with blast furnace slag. Reaction kinetics, workability, mechanical properties and autogenous shrinkage alkali-activated slag were comprehensively studied. Results indicated an optimal modulus (SiO2/Na2O) the activator related to a long enough setting time high reaction degree paste. The incorporation as partial...

In the present work, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated by incorporating transparent electrodes of ordered free-standing TiO2 nanotube (TNT) arrays with both ends open transferred onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass. The high-quality TiO2 membranes used here were obtained by a self-detaching technique, with the superiorities of facile but reliable procedures. Af...

A carbon nanotube/La-doped TiO₂ (La-TiO₂) nanocomposite (CLTN) was prepared by a procedure similar to a complex/adsorption process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the La-TiO₂ distributes on the carbon nanotube walls. The CLTN was mixed with paraffin to form a CLTN paste for the CLTN paste electrode (CLTNPE). The electrochemical characteristics of CLTNPE were compared with t...

A novel selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for insulin detection has been fabricated and investigated. The electrochemical sensor was made from a mixture of silica gel, chitosan and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanoparticles, which was mounted on a silver wire and covered by a glass tube (silica gel/chitosan/Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles paste electrode). The sensor was characterized using cy...