While localized variants of granuloma annulare are typically self-limited, disseminated granuloma annulare tends to be chronic and often therapy-resistant. Treatment with fumaric acid esters is effective for severe forms of psoriasis. Disseminated granuloma annulare has also been reported to respond to fumaric acid esters. We treated 8 patients (mean age 64.2 years; 4 men, 4 women) with low-dos...

© 2013 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1510 Journal Compilation © 2013 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555 Granuloma annulare (GA) is a common, inflammatory disorder, which is usually considered to have a benign progression. The generalized variant of GA is relatively rare and has been reported in association with diabetes, HIV and some malignant neoplasias, such as breast, cervical, ...

Background: The therapy of disseminated granuloma annulare has often limited success. Treatment of granuloma annulare with fumaric acid esters (FAE) has recently been reported to be effective in 2 patients. Objectives: To assess the effi cacy of a systemic therapy with FAE in consecutive patients with disseminated granuloma annulare. Methods: Eight patients with disseminated granuloma annulare ...

Background: Granuloma annulare is a difficult disease to treat and can lead anxiety frustration for both patients providers. The pathogenesis of granuloma unknown, resulting in few thoroughly studied or consistently effective treatments.
 Objective: 1) To discuss whether treatment with apremilast could improvement resolution generalized annulare. 2) explore the possible mechanism treating ...

Simultaneous occurrence of granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica is quite rare. There are seven reported cases in the literature, but only one presenting ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica. We report a 39-year-old male with histopathologically confirmed granuloma annulare and ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica, without diabetes mellitus.

Granuloma annulare (Gan) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) share common histologic features. In Gan, a disease characterized by the presence of palisading granulomas usually in the dermis, the main alteration is the presence of elastic fiber degeneration and it strongly suggests that the primary target leading to the development of this disorder is the injury to the elastic tissue. On the other ha...

Granuloma annulare is a benign, asymptomatic, self-limited papular eruption found in patients of all ages. The primary skin lesion usually is grouped papules in an enlarging annular shape, with color ranging from flesh-colored to erythematous. The two most common types of granuloma annulare are localized, which typically is found on the lateral or dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet; and diss...

even in old age. No patient had granuloma annulare at last examination. Interesting comorbidities are listed in the Table. Most patients with conditions or diseases had only ordinary ones such as hypertension, hyperlipidemias, degenerative joint disease, and atherosclerosis. In summary, patients who develop granuloma annulare usually heal, remain remarkably healthy, and do not ordinarily develo...

The author describes the case of a three-year-old girl presenting with firm, painless retroauricular swelling finally diagnosed as deep granuloma annulare.

Simultaneous occurrence of granuloma annulare and necrobiosis lipoidica is quite rare. There are seven reported cases in the literature, but only one presenting ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica. We report a 39-year-old male with histopathologically confirmed granuloma annulare and ulcerated necrobiosis lipoidica, without diabetes mellitus.