The effects of tethering planktonic organisms on the swimming and feeding currents they produce were examined in 2 different ways. Larvae of the bivalve Crassostrea gigas and the gastropod Calliostoma ligatum were tethered in a miniature flow tank in still water and in water flowing at the approximate swimming speed of the organisms. The currents produced by the velar cilia of these larvae were...

Galactose oxidase from Fusarium graminearum IMV-1060 adsorbed on, and covalently bound to, silica carriers has been used for analytical determinations of D-galactose and galactose-containing sugars. Using a flowing oxygen electrode of the Clark-type, sensor system for enzymatic analysis of water solutions of galactose-containing carbohydrates was made. Measurements were taken both in the pulse ...

This work reports the effects of water flow and dissolved oxygen (DO) on corrosion behavior of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel, F82H. The corrosion tests were performed in high temperature pressurized water by using a test apparatus for rotated disk sample. All of specimens showed weight gains after static corrosion tests up to 500 h. However, the rotated disk showed weight losses...

Acid deposition during the 20th century caused widespread depletion of available soil calcium (Ca) throughout much of the industrialized world. To better understand how forest ecosystems respond to changes in a component of acidification stress, an 11.8-ha watershed was amended with wollastonite, a calcium silicate mineral, to restore available soil Ca to preindustrial levels through natural we...

Analogies are often theoretically useful. Important principles of electricity are suggested by an analogy between water flowing through a pipe and electricity “flowing” through a wire, with voltage corresponding to pressure, amperage corresponding to the current, and so on. A basic theory of sound is suggested by an analogy between waves caused by a stone being dropped into a still lake and “so...

—We examined the effects of low-head dams on aquatic biota, habitat, and water quality in a 171-km reach of a midwestern warmwater river that was fragmented by 15 dams into a series of free-flowing and impounded habitats. Dams impounded 55% of the river’s surface area within the study reach and influenced distributions of 30 species of fish by restricting upstream movements. Values for the Illi...