Dystrophic is the adjective pertaining to, or characterized by dystrophy. It applies to any degenerative disorder resulting from inadequate nutrition, or more specifi cally to muscular dystrophy. Amyotrophy is another closely related word, meaning literally lack of muscle growth or nourishment, but often used imprecisely or loosely to mean acquired muscle wasting, e.g. neuralgic amyotrophy, dia...

Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy, Dystrophia Myotonica Protein Kinase (DMPK) gene, Epilepsy, Temporal lobe

This chapter places emphasis on patients with more weakness in proximal than distal parts. The most common type of proximal muscular dystrophy is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Due to rapid deterioration, DMD can be seen as a severe form of muscular dystrophy. Other types of proximal muscular dystrophies have a slower rate of disease progression compared to DMD, such as Beck muscular dystro...

Persistent creatine kinase (CK) elevation can occur due to various conditions. Identifying the causes of hyperCKemia is crucial for enabling appropriate follow-up and care. Girls with elevated CK levels may be carriers Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD), making diagnosis more difficult than that in boys. This study aimed elucidate underlying high girls. Fourteen girls (seven symptomat...

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disease, which affects all races. Its classical characteristic clinical features being progressive weakness, intellectual impairment and hypertrophy of calves with proliferation connective tissue fibrosis in muscles. As disease inherited as an X-linked recessive trait, thus females not manifesting acting carriers only, se...

The correlation between Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) and vitamin D has long been known, since controls bone turnover which occurs in this disease. Thus, is beneficial to some extent BMD patients due the fact that it known play an important part metabolism. According recent studies suggest association multiple diseases involving organs, may alleviate pathophysiology of BMD. This review focuse...

objectives: myotonic dystrophy type i (dm1) is a dominantly inherited disorder with a multisystemic pattern affecting skeletal muscle, heart, eye, endocrine and central nervous system. dm1 is associated with the expansion and instability of ctg repeat in the 3' untranslated region of the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (dmpk) gene located on chromosome 19q13.3. the aim of this study was ...

A workshop was convened on the topic of Cardiomyopathy associated with Muscular Dystrophy in Tucson, Arizona, 28–30 September 2003, sponsored by the Muscular Dystrophy Association. Workshop participants from North America, Europe and Australia set as goals to understand the pathologic basis of cardiomyopathy associated with muscular dystrophy and to review treatment strategies for cardiomyopath...

We evaluated the frequency of cerebral infarction in 131 patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, Becker's muscular dystrophy, or Friedreich's ataxia. Electrocardiographic abnormalities were found in 83% of patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, 56% with myotonic dystrophy, 50% with Becker's muscular dystrophy, and 25% with Friedreich's ataxia. Atrial flutter occur...

Eutrophication determines algal blooms and the subsequent accumulation of organic matter in sediments, which, turn, results dominance anaerobic respiratory processes that release toxic gases. Dystrophy is a final dissipative moment reduces load sediment. A case dystrophy occurring Burano lagoon (Tuscany, Italy) 2021 reported. The study examined weather, physico-chemistry water, submerged vegeta...