Epidemiology has been defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human population and interpreting the observations. Epidemiology is a method of making and interpreting observations in biomedical investigations. These investigations deal with groups of people rather than individual cases and usually study both healthy and ill persons. Epidemiological resea...

a clinical and epidemiological comparison of the cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out among 100 victims of cutaneous leishmaniasis who were living in the villages of isfahan area, and 100 other patients of the lesions have been determined and analyzed. comparison of patients of the city with that of neighboring villages shows that both type of cutaneous leishmaniasis are prevalent in isfahan...

The study of the relationship between risk factors and outcomes is important both in etiological and prognostic research. To assess the strength of a given risk factor-outcome relationship we use measures that are calculated in relative and absolute terms. Risk ratio, incidence rate ratio and odds ratio are relative measures of this relationship. Risk difference (or attributable risk) and rate ...

Cancer of the skin, in general, is believed to be rather uncommon in black persons. Collected reports from the US showed that, out of 357 skin cancer cases, 5 (1.4%) were expressly stated to be albinos. A Nigerian comparable series of 435 patients manifested 15 (3.4%) albinos. Therefore, it is hypothesized that albinism is a good model for studies on skin adaptation as it concerns albinos in US...