BACKGROUND Congenital skull base defects have traditionally been treated via an intracranial approach. Recent advances in endoscopic management have made minimally invasive extracranial approaches feasible, with less morbidity. OBJECTIVE To determine the success of endoscopic treatment of congenital cerebrospinal fluid leaks and encephaloceles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Retrospective review of ...

The imaging studies of 16 children with pathologically proved nasal encephaloceles (eight), nasal dermal sinuses/nasal dermoids (seven), and nasal cerebral heterotopias, more commonly known as nasal gliomas (one), were retrospectively reviewed and compared with normal control subjects to define the normal anatomy and analyze deformities caused by these lesions. Nasal encephaloceles were always ...

Our patient had an anterior encephalocele accompanied by teratoma. According to our extensive literature review, this association was very rarely reported so far[2,4]. Several hypotheses had been suggested to describe the pathogenesis of encephaloceles or teratomas but association of two entities cannot be simply explained by these models. Enrolment of tissue induction through different steps o...

PURPOSE To analyze and discuss the MR and CT features of Chiari type III malformations. PATIENTS AND METHOD MR and CT studies in nine neonates born at term with Chiari type III malformations were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS High cervical/low occipital encephaloceles were present in all cases. Hypoplasia of the low and midline aspects of the parietal bones was seen in four patients. Th...

We describe the case of a 29-year-old male who presented with new-onset seizures. He was subsequently found to have an orbital encephalocele containing a focus of pilocytic astrocytoma. We believe that this is the first report of a pilocytic astrocytoma located within the orbit that did not originate from the optic pathway. It is also the first case of a pilocytic astrocytoma completely contain...