Economic theory predicts that abortion laws affect sexual behavior since they change the marginal cost of having risky sex. We estimate the impact of abortion laws on sexual behavior by reported gonorrhea incidence. Our data panel includes 41 countries for which consistent gonorrhea data are available for 1980–2000. Compared with laws permitting abortion only to save the pregnant woman’s life o...

This paper is part of a collaborative research project entitled The Role of Law and Legal Institutions in Asian Economic Development (1960-95) which was sponsored by the Asian Development Bank. The study included six Asian economies: People's Republic of China (PRC), India, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia and Taiwan,China. Oxford University Press is publishing the comparative report. This es...

Wise medical practice requires balancing the idealistic goals of medicine with the physical and economic realities of their application. Clinicians should know and employ the rules, maxims, and heuristics that summarize these goals and constraints. There has been little formal study of rules or laws pertaining to therapeutics and prognosis, so the authors postulate four physical and four econom...

concept of “economic man” is one of the principal assumptions of economic approach to law. based on this assumption, economic approach, a modern and leading school of thought in legal philosophy, seeks to explain and predict individual behavior in legal framework and make recommendations and prescriptions so as to improve the effects of laws and regulations on legal actors. in this paper, in ad...

Economic reality is constituted by economic objects such as goods, commodities, money, value, price, and exchange which together give rise to the complex entity known as the market. Each of these categories is governed by exact laws that provide the conditions for settling objectively whether individuals’ views about an instance of any category indeed correspond to that category. This paper des...

The challenge of creating human socio-economic systems that are socially, economically and environmentally sustainable is highlighted by problems of local and global environmental impacts, including climate change and socially inequitable distribution of resources between rich and poor countries and individuals. Socio-economic systems are complex systems involving multiple actors interacting at...

By 1998 all states had passed laws lowering the legal blood alcohol content for drivers under 21 to effectively zero. Theory shows these laws have ambiguous effects on overall fatalities and economic efficiency, and the data show they have little effect on driver behavior. A panel analysis of the 1988-2000 FARS indicates that zero tolerance laws have no material influence on the level of fatali...