ABSTRACT Using smoothed particle hydrodynamics we model giant impacts of Super-Earth mass rocky planets between an atmosphere-less projectile and atmosphere-rich target. In this work, present results from head-on to grazing collisions. The the simulations fall into two broad categories: (1) one main post-collision remnant containing material target projectile; (2) remnants resulting ‘erosive hi...

A coupled atmosphere-ocean-land model MSSG has been developed in the Earth Simulator Center, which is designed to model multi-scale interactions among the atmosphere, the ocean and the coupled system. In this project of this fiscal year, we focused on introducing computational optimization architecture to the MSSG to be run with maximizing the computational power of the Earth Simulator 2. As th...

The increase in the oxidation state of the atmosphere during Earth history is well documented, but not the reasons for this process. The course of atmospheric evolution has been dominated by the effects of photosynthesis and by the composition of volcanic gases. The H2/H2O ratio of volcanic gases has remained essentially constant during most of Earth history. It is here proposed that their CO2/...

A method for numerically solving the equation of radiative transfer in a spherical shell atmosphere is presented. The method uses a conical boundary and a Gauss-Seidel iteration scheme to solve for all orders of scattering along a single radial line in the atmosphere. Tests of the model indicate an accuracy better than 1% for most Earth-atmosphere situations. Results from this model are compare...