OBJECTIVE This paper reports the effects of naturally occurring levels of distress on the development of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin test responses. These in vivo measures provide a biologically relevant assessment of cellular immune competence. METHODS Subjects (N = 166) were immunized (baseline) with the novel antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), and DTH skin test response...

In the present study, we demonstrate delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to homologous type I collagen that cross-reacts with type IV collagen. Mice immunized with native or denatured type I collagens and challenged with these same antigens or native type IV collagen develop a peak DTH response on day 7. Challenge with denatured type IV collagen or collagenase-treated type IV collagen failed to...

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) develops in the absence of an adjuvant when mice are injected intravenously or subcutaneously with an appropriate dose of sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The optimal intravenous dose of 10(5) SRBC (in CD-1 mice) produces maximum DTH which decays exponentially from its peak on day 4. Increasing the dose of SRBC reduces and eventually abolishes all evidence of DT...

In mice, primary footpad swelling after local infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) adoptively transferred by LCMV immune lymphocytes are T-cell dependent. Nude mice do not develop primary footpad swelling, and T-cell depletion abrogates the capacity to transfer LCMV-specific DTH. Effector T cells involved in eliciting dose-dependent DT...

The skin sites of the mouse where delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions are most easily elicited (foot pads and ears) are particularly rich in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-containing mast cells. Since mice are deficient in circulating basophils, which play a role in at least some DTH reactions, we investigated the possibility that the mast cells were playing an important role in the evolu...

Pretreatment of experimental animals with cyclophosphamide (CY) markedly potentiates the acquisition of T-cell-mediated immunity to an antigen given 1 to 4 days later. We have examined the primary induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and antibody to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and DTH to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) in 22 patients receiving CY for metastatic cancer, 12 wit...

We used an antiidiotypic antibody directed against a Sendai virus-specific T helper cell clone to stimulate an immune response in vivo. In addition, the antiidiotypic antibody induced T cells that mediated a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response in several different mouse strains. Induction of the DTH response by the antiidiotypic antibody, in contrast to the DTH responses induced by vir...

To understand the selective accumulation of memory T helper lymphocytes and of macrophages in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) granulomas, we studied the in situ production of RANTES, a chemokine initially characterized on the basis of its in vitro chemotactic properties for each of these cell populations. RANTES gene expression was studied by in situ hybridization in 15 human lymph nodes pr...

Interleukin (IL)-16 is a chemoattractant cytokine for CD4(+) leukocytes. Because delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction is mediated by T helper 1 (Th1) cells and CD4(+) T cells can be chemoattracted by IL-16, we have investigated the involvement of IL-16 in the DTH reaction. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the IL-16 expression in infiltrating cells and epithelial cells in the DTH fo...

An interlayer soil was identified in the French conventional rail tracks, corresponding to a mixture of subgrade fine and ballast grains. Experimental results show that permanent strain such fine/coarse can be at stable or unstable state, depending on stress level with respect plastic shakedown limit σ dth (the maximum for strain). As water content changed, matric suction ψ changed subsequently...