INTRODUCTION This study evaluated California's traffic violator school (TVS) citation dismissal policy. METHOD This study identified and compared two large samples of drivers either completing a TVS (N=210,015) or convicted of a traffic citation (N=168,563). RESULTS Prior to adjudication, the TVS group had characteristics (e.g., lower prior conviction rate and smaller proportion of males) t...

PURPOSE There are limited contemporary data describing the rates of catheter-related deep vein thrombosis (CRDVT) and central line-associated bloodstream infection for peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) and centrally inserted central venous catheters (CICCs) in the medical intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 200 PICCs (dual/tripl...

The dismissal of employees reprezents the termination individual employment contracts at initiative employers. Dismisssal is allowed only in cases strictly provided by lae, eployer not havind roght to establish additional through normatice acts unit level. economics crisis iften causes employers ti lay off duet o a reduction number or staffing levels. In these employee dismissal, employer oblig...

Institutions and Contract Enforcement We provide evidence on how two important types of institutions – dismissal barriers, and bonus pay – affect contract enforcement behavior in a market with incomplete contracts and repeated interactions. Dismissal barriers are shown to have a strong negative impact on worker performance, and market efficiency, by interfering with firms' use of firing threat ...

This paper derives analytically consumption and asset profiles when there are employment and unemployment risks and moral hazard. Without perfect insurance, consumption rises during employment and falls during unemployment. Optimal employment contracts that offer severance compensation smooth consumption during employment without causing moral hazard. A pre-announced delay in separation when th...

This article provides theoretical and empirical analyses of a firing costs model with adverse selection. Our theory suggests that, as firing costs increase, firms increasingly prefer hiring employed workers, who are less likely to be lemons. Estimates of re-employment probabilities from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth support this prediction. Unjust-dismissal provisions in U.S. states...

It was disappointing to see the dismissal by the committee of much of the work published by the STRmix developers. They seem to be only aware of some of the published body of work [1-33] We feel that this dismissal is a veiled accusation of bias, which challenges both the our scientific integrity and the scientific journal review process. The committee probably have no way of knowing that the S...