Constant suction direct shear test enables the understanding of failure mechanism in rainfallinduced landslides. It can be conducted using a conventional apparatus with some modifications. The constant is carried out two stages. In first stage, unsaturated soil specimen consolidated to target net normal stress and matric then sheared second stage. Matric usually controlled axis-translation prin...

It is well known that geomembranes frequently and easily fail at the seams, which has been a ubiquitous problem in various applications. To avoid failure of geomembrane photocuring was carried out with 1~5% photoinitiator 2% carbon black powder. This can be sprayed cured on soil surface. The obtained then used as barrier, separator, or reinforcement. In this study, direct shear tests were aim t...