In this paper, two different techniques for the determination of the rms value of sinusoidal AC voltage at the range of 2V are practically compared: non-thermoelectric technique (via the direct measurement using a precise high sensitive digital voltmeter, and the comparison method using a precise AC voltage calibrator) and thermoelectric technique (via the null thermoelectric technique, and the...

A typical instrument is a device that used independently. It includes its own power supply, controllable buttons, displaying front panel and inside signal processor. Within automatic testing system, the instruments act as either listener or talker. All of the testing procedures controlled by personal computer, and all of the measurements appear on PC’s screen. Therefore virtual instrument’s tec...

I n electroretinography (ERG) the use of the averaging computer has become standard practice for extracting the often low responses from the background electrical noise. If, besides the response magnitude the waveform of the response is of interest to the experimenter, the averaging technique indeed is a powerful tool. There are situations however, in which the waveform of the ERG is not of pri...

A broadband digital harmonic vector voltmeter proposed previously and studied theoretically by the authors was implemented using a special-purpose, random sampling strategy, to avoid the bandwidth limitations due to the finite conversion time of the sample-and-hold and analog-to-digital-conversion (S/H-ADC) devices. The experimental results have shown that the bandwidth of the instrument is not...